Almost 400 natural disasters, which killed 238 thousand people, occurred from the beginning of 2009 to the middle of 2010, all over the planet. In total, more than 200 million people suffered from earthquakes, floods, hurricanes and other natural disasters during this time human. Also, in addition to the huge number of deaths, the economy was damaged by almost $ 80 billion.

These data cause concern, so UN members are taking all possible measures to reduce and prevent natural disasters. A natural disaster is a natural phenomenon that is of an emergency nature and leads to disruption of the normal activities of the population, death of people, destruction and destruction of material values.

This information is taken from the UN report "Implementing the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction". The report was presented by Assistant Secretary-General for Disaster Risk Reduction Margareta Wahlström. The document says that over the past year, the death toll from natural disasters has increased more than 14 times. The largest number of victims is associated with the earthquake in Haiti on January 12, 2010, as well as the tsunami that followed it. This disaster claimed the lives of 222,570 people.

This earthquake was the worst in terms of the number of victims since the 1900 earthquake. The authors also noted that the Chilean earthquake on February 27 was more powerful than in Haiti, but it killed 562 people. This difference in the number of victims is due to the fact that the Chilean government was ready for such a natural disaster and took all possible measures to reduce the amount of destruction and casualties.

2010 marks the tenth anniversary of the establishment of the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction, as well as the midpoint of the implementation of the Hyogo Framework 2005-2015.

The Hyogo Framework for Action has proved to be a very important reference for implementing measures to build resilience in the face of the challenges of natural disasters. In this regard, the General Assembly decided to hold a special thematic meeting in February 2011 on disaster reduction.

The UN established the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction as a global framework for action to ensure that all societies are resilient to natural hazards and related technological and environmental disasters in order to reduce human, economic and social losses.

Within the framework of this strategy, the focus should no longer be on measures to eliminate the consequences of a disaster, but on the inclusion of measures to reduce hazards. Implementation of the Strategy involves building partnerships between governments, civil society organizations, United Nations agencies, academia, the media, and stakeholders involved in disaster risk reduction.

The objectives of the strategy are as follows:

1) Increasing people's awareness of disaster risk reduction measures
2) ensuring the readiness of state bodies to deal with these issues
3) promoting the creation of interdisciplinary and intersectoral partnerships
4) as well as improving scientific knowledge about the causes of natural disasters and the consequences of exposure to natural hazards.

The UN General Assembly also set two other targets that are directly relevant to disaster risk reduction: to continue international cooperation to reduce the impact of the El Niño and La Niña events, and to strengthen disaster risk reduction capacity through early warning measures.

Ecological calendar October Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Fri Sat Sat Sun Sun October - World Farm Animals Day. October 4 - International Animal Protection Day October 6 - World Habitat Day October 8 - International Day for Combating Natural Disasters October 14 - Day of Workers of State Natural Reserves October 16 - World Food Day October 18 - International Beaver Day October 22 - Evergreen Cactus Festival 25 October - International Guide Dog Day October 31 - International Black Sea Day

October 2 - World Day of Farm Animals October 2 is a day of remembrance for all animals imprisoned, tortured and cruelly killed - because of the demand for meat. Caring, humane people celebrate this day with protests, pickets, demonstrations and dissemination of information in order to remind the public that bacon and cheeseburger is life taken from a sentient sentient being.

October 4 - International Animal Protection Day Since time immemorial, animals live next to a person in a big beautiful house, whose name is Earth. Emotional sensitivity and responsibility for the fate of our younger brothers must be brought up from an early age. A child's heart, as they say, must certainly shrink from compassion and pain for a living being, a youthful one should bubbling, and an adult one should not get stale, even being burdened with a lot of worries...

October 6 - World Habitat Day This holiday was approved in 1979 under the Convention for the Protection of Wild Fauna and Flora and Natural Habitats in Europe. Habitat Day is celebrated all over the world. Man, by his activity, has long been influencing nature, changing it. Every year in the world more and more territories are moving into the category of farmland, pastures, undergoing changes due to the growth of cities, mining, construction of factories and other objects of the national economy. During the 19th century AD, 150 species of mammals, mostly large ones, and 139 species of birds disappeared on the globe. Each extinct species is a very heavy and irreparable loss. Everything that disappears in the animal world disappears forever.

October 8 - International Day for Combating Natural Disasters It was first celebrated, according to the resolution of the UN General Assembly of December 22, 1989, as part of the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (). The number of victims of earthquakes, cyclones, floods and droughts is growing rapidly. On average, natural disasters kill 184 people a day.

October 14 - Day of Workers of State Nature Reserves Today in the Russian Federation there are 100 state nature reserves and 35 national parks, in which more than 8 thousand full-time employees and 67 federal-level wildlife sanctuaries work, as well as many specially protected natural areas (SPNA) regional and local levels. More than 12% of the territory of our country is under the protection of the workers of the reserve system and those who work for protected areas, helping to study and preserve the natural and cultural heritage of Russia.

October 16 - World Food Day World Food Day was proclaimed in 1979 by the Conference of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). It is celebrated on the day the FAO was founded - October 16, 1945. The purpose of World Food Day is to raise public awareness of the world food problem and strengthen solidarity in the fight against hunger, malnutrition and poverty. It has been established that hunger and malnutrition undermine the gene pool of entire continents. Children in the countries of the "third world" are born and grow up frail, lag behind in mental development. They are not able to concentrate on the lessons at school. World Food Day gives an occasion to reflect on what has been done and what remains to be done to solve the global problem - to save humanity from hunger.

October 18 - International Beaver Day Beavers influenced the fate of thousands of people - hunters, hired soldiers, vagrants, missionaries ... Beaver lands caused the Anglo-French war for the possession of Canada (). Two subspecies of the beaver are protected in the Red Book of the Russian Federation: the West Siberian river beaver and the Tuva river beaver. They are endangered, distributed in limited areas. In the folklore of Siberian natives and American Indians, the same motif sounds: beavers are former people. In the Trans-Urals, in the old days, Mansi and Khanty were sure that beavers understood human speech. In medieval books, beavers were endowed with human qualities. They wrote that they move on two legs. In a beaver society there are slaves who are entrusted with the hardest work, and there are outcasts, incorrigible lazy people.

October 25 - International Guide Dog Day These dogs are trained by the only specialized cynological center in the country. It has existed for almost half a century. During this time, more than 4,000 thousand dogs for the blind have been trained there. These dogs are very kind. They are not suitable for protection, protection or hunting. They are taught by sound to distinguish between a crowd of people, electric trains, trams, buses. 154 visually impaired people are waiting for such a guide in the country. The guide dog costs 49 thousand rubles. But it's not about the money. The state pays for everything. Such smart dogs are prepared only in a special nursery in the Moscow region. Only 60 dogs are trained per year. Demand is twice the supply. "We can no longer train, we need specialists. Our school is small, there is no space for aviaries, but we are expanding, by 2010 we will train 190 dogs," says the director of the school for training guide dogs. Not all disabled people, even if desired, are allowed a dog. To apply for a guide, you need the conclusion of a medical and social examination. The second reason for such a low demand for guides is the ignorance of disabled people of their right to a devoted friend of man.

October 31 - International Black Sea Day. In 1996, in Istanbul, the official representatives of the Black Sea countries: Bulgaria, Georgia, Russia, Romania, Turkey and Ukraine signed a Strategic Action Plan to save the Black Sea. The signing day - October 31 - was declared the International Black Sea Day. This holiday is celebrated on October 31 - the day when in 1996 in Istanbul at the conference of ministers on environmental protection six Black Sea countries signed the Strategic Action Plan for the rehabilitation and protection of the Black Sea. The result of the joint agreements of six countries of the Black Sea basin: Russia, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Turkey, Georgia and Romania - was the celebration of this date, marked as the "International Black Sea Day". This Plan was developed after extensive studies of the marine environment, which showed that its viability has deteriorated significantly compared to the previous three decades. Many environmentalists sincerely believed that this plan, adopted at the interstate level, would really help prevent pollution of the Black Sea and help save its inhabitants. Despite the fact that the strategic action plan for the protection of the Black Sea was adopted more than 9 years ago, it has not yet received a concrete implementation.

The International Day for Natural Disaster Reduction was first celebrated, according to the resolution of the UN General Assembly of December 22, 1989, within the framework of the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (1990-1999). The number of victims of earthquakes, cyclones, floods and droughts is growing rapidly. On average, natural disasters kill 184 people a day. Due to the urbanization of the world, the number of victims will increase. Millions of lives could be saved if states did more to prevent and reduce the risk of natural disasters. Protecting the population from all sorts of disasters and catastrophes is one of the highest priorities in the activities of many states of the world. Emerging emergencies show that natural disasters have no borders and do not choose the people. Especially in recent years, the challenge of natural disasters accompanied by climate change, floods, mudflows, earthquakes, droughts and fires has been increasing. In Russia, for this purpose, the Unified State System for the Prevention and Elimination of Emergency Situations operates.

October 14 - Day of workers of state natural reserves

Today, there are 100 state nature reserves and 35 national parks in the Russian Federation, employing over 8,000 full-time employees and 67 federal-level reserves, as well as many specially protected natural areas (SPNTs) at the regional and local levels. More than 12% of the territory of our country is under the protection of the workers of the reserve system and those who work for protected areas, helping to study and preserve the natural and cultural heritage of Russia. Only now the “state”, that is, officially recognized, holiday at the reserved community - alas! - not yet. Metallurgists, miners, geologists, signalmen, journalists have their own holidays, but the workers of the reserves do not! In 1999, representatives of the reserves "stirred up". From October 11 to October 14, 1999, the All-Russian seminar-conference of directors of state nature reserves "The role and place of state nature reserves in the regions of Russia" was held in Vladivostok. It was during this forum that the question of establishing a reserved holiday was raised. And, since the resolution of the seminar-conference was adopted on October 14, then, without further ado, the participants decided to consider this particular day a reserved holiday. And congratulate on this day all those who work in the reserves. The holiday did not have time to become official. The holiday is also necessary so that as many Russian citizens as possible begin to realize that our protected system is a national treasure.

October 16 - World Food Day

World Food Day was proclaimed in 1979 by the Conference of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). It is celebrated on the day the FAO was founded - October 16, 1945. The purpose of World Food Day is to raise public awareness of the world food problem and strengthen solidarity in the fight against hunger, malnutrition and poverty. It has been established that hunger and malnutrition undermine the gene pool of entire continents. Children in the countries of the "third world" are born and grow up frail, lag behind in mental development. They are not able to concentrate on the lessons at school. World Food Day gives an occasion to reflect on what has been done and what remains to be done to solve the global problem - to save humanity from hunger.

October 18 - International Beaver Day

AT The folklore of Siberian natives and American Indians sounds the same motif: beavers are former people. In the Trans-Urals, in the old days, Mansi and Khanty were sure that beavers understood human speech. In medieval books, beavers were endowed with human qualities. They wrote that they move on two legs. In a beaver society there are slaves who are entrusted with the hardest work, and there are outcasts, incorrigible lazy people. It was also believed that wearing a castor hat had a good effect on the mental abilities of its owner, and a beaver teeth necklace accelerated teething in babies. In the 17th - 19th centuries, just at the time when in the Old World beavers were turning from commercial animals into rare ones, in America, to the south, east and west of the great lakes, a dramatic "Beaver fever" broke out. In Europe, furs turned into gold " . Beavers influenced the fate of thousands of people - hunters, hired soldiers, vagrants, missionaries ... Beaver lands became the cause of the Anglo-French war for the possession of Canada (1756-1763). Two subspecies of the beaver are protected in the Red Book of the Russian Federation: the West Siberian river beaver and the Tuva river beaver. They are endangered, distributed in limited areas.

Class hour "International Day of Combating Natural Disasters and Cataclysms"

Target: education of ecological culture of children, attracting the attention of students to a careful and correct attitude towards nature.

Tasks:

Educational: 1. Introduce the types of natural disasters, their origin

2. to teach to foresee, recognize and act correctly in extreme situations in nature and in society;

3. deepen the understanding of the sources of environmental pollution.

Developing: 1. Formation in students of a conscious and responsible attitude towards personal safety and the safety of others.

2. develop environmental thinking in children;

Educational: 1. to educate children in respect for nature, the habit of taking care of nature and its inhabitants.

Olga Vasilievna: Emergencies and natural disasters have no borders and do not choose the people. The fight against the consequences of natural disasters is more expensive than the prevention of a catastrophe.

October 8 is the International Day for Combating Natural Disasters. The number of victims of earthquakes, cyclones, floods and droughts is growing rapidly. On average, natural disasters kill 184 people a day. Emerging emergencies show that natural disasters have no borders and do not choose the people. Especially in recent years, the challenge of natural disasters accompanied by climate change, floods, mudflows, earthquakes, droughts and fires has been increasing. In Russia, for this purpose, the Unified State System for the Prevention and Elimination of Emergency Situations operates. According to experts, the main misfortune in our time has become strong hurricanes, tornadoes, volcanic eruption, sandstorms, landslides, villages, earthquakes, floods, tsunamis. Let's take it in order: Hurricane or Tropical cyclone is a type of low pressure weather system that occurs over a warm sea surface and is accompanied by severe thunderstorms, heavy rainfall and gale force winds. A hurricane can cause downpours, tornadoes, small tsunamis and floods. A direct effect of tropical cyclones on land is storm winds that can destroy buildings, bridges, and other man-made structures. Tornado or tornado- this is an atmospheric vortex that occurs in a thundercloud and spreads down, often to the very surface of the earth, in the form of a cloud sleeve or trunk with a diameter of tens and hundreds of meters. Typically, the diameter of a tornado funnel on the ground is 300-400 meters, but if a tornado originated on the surface of the water, this value can be only 20-30 meters, and when the funnel passes over land, it can reach 1-3 kilometers. Eruption - this is the process of ejection by a volcano onto the earth's surface of incandescent fragments, ash, an outpouring of magma, which, having poured onto the surface, becomes lava. The strongest volcanic eruption can have a time period from several hours to many years. Incandescent clouds of ash and gases capable of moving at speeds of hundreds of kilometers per hour and rising hundreds of meters into the air. The volcano ejects gases, liquids and solids with high temperature. This often causes the destruction of buildings and the death of people. Sandstorm - this is an atmospheric phenomenon in the form of the transfer of large amounts of dust, soil particles and grains of sand by wind several meters from the ground with a noticeable deterioration in horizontal visibility. At the same time, dust and sand rise into the air and at the same time dust settles over a large area. Most often, these catastrophic phenomena occur in the desert. A sure sign that a sandstorm is about to begin is a sudden silence. Rustles and sounds disappear with the wind. The desert literally freezes. A small cloud appears on the horizon, which quickly grows and turns into a black-purple cloud. The lost wind rises and very quickly reaches speeds of up to 150-200 km / h.

Landslide - the sliding of masses of rocks down a slope under the influence of gravity, often retaining their connectedness and solidity. Landslides occur on the slopes of valleys or river banks, in the mountains, on the shores of the seas, the most grandiose at the bottom of the seas. Only fast landslides, the speed of which is several tens of kilometers, can cause real natural disasters with hundreds of casualties, when there is no time for evacuation. Imagine that huge pieces of soil are quickly moving from the mountain directly to a village or city, and buildings are destroyed under tons of this earth and people who have not had time to leave the place of the landslide are dying. Sel - it is a mud or mud-stone stream, suddenly formed in the channels of mountain rivers as a result of heavy rains, rapid melting of glaciers or seasonal snow cover. Deforestation in mountainous areas can serve as a decisive factor in the occurrence - the roots of trees hold the top of the soil, which prevents the occurrence of a mudflow. This phenomenon is short-term and usually lasts from 1 to 3 hours, typical for small streams up to 25-30 kilometers long. On their way, the streams cut deep channels, which are usually dry or contain small streams. The consequences of mudflows are catastrophic. Earthquake- These are tremors and vibrations of the Earth's surface caused by natural causes. Small shocks can also be caused by the rise of lava during volcanic eruptions. About a million earthquakes occur every year all over the Earth, but most of them are so small that they go unnoticed. Tsunami - these are long waves generated by a powerful impact on the entire water column in the ocean or other body of water. Most tsunamis are caused by underwater earthquakes, during which there is a sharp displacement of the seabed. Tsunamis are formed during an earthquake of any magnitude, but those that arise due to strong earthquakes with a magnitude of more than 7 on the Richter scale reach a large force. Flood- flooding of the area as a result of rising water levels in rivers, lakes, seas due to rain, rapid snowmelt, wind surge on the coast and other causes, which damages people's health and even leads to their death.

Protecting the population from all kinds of disasters and catastrophes is one of the top priorities for many countries in the world. Emerging emergencies show that natural disasters have no borders and do not choose the people. Especially in recent years, the challenge of natural disasters accompanied by climate change, floods, mudflows, earthquakes, droughts and fires has been increasing. The scale of emergencies, economic damage (if we count by the same volume of GDP, soon many states will have to work exclusively on hurricanes and floods) and the saddest thing is that human losses are becoming more tangible.

This year, the word “anomalous” is heard in almost every weather forecast: some regions are suffocating in fires due to abnormal heat, others are choking from rains, and rivers threaten to burst their banks even in the Moscow region. What is happening on the planet? Scientists put forward more and more new explanations for the frequent cataclysms and unanimously declare: it will get worse further. But why?!

The climate began to surprise us at the beginning of March. After a relatively calm winter, an early spring suddenly came - in fact, three weeks faster than the calendar one.

March turned out to be unusually warm and sunny in almost the entire European territory of the country. However, then winter suddenly returned - with snow, ice and the whole arsenal of climatic disasters. March gave way to a cool April, and then an unusually cold and rainy May. According to the Hydrometeorological Center, record colds and frosts were observed throughout the entire space from the Barents Sea to the Black Sea and from the western border to the Urals until June, and the average monthly temperature in Central Russia was below the norm by 2 degrees. Then the "May blizzard" hit Kaliningrad, in Syktyvkar, Kostroma and Pskov regions, people posted on the Internet photos of almost New Year's landscapes: green grass, sticky leaves on trees, barely blossomed flowers - and all this under the snow. In the Leningrad region, the temperature at night dropped to -8 °C. In Moscow, May generally turned out to be the frostiest in the 21st century, and Victory Day - the most "oak" in the history of the holiday. At the same time, beyond the Urals, the whole spring, on the contrary, turned out to be warmer than before.

But, alas, all this was only a prologue to the revelry of the elements. On May 29, a powerful hurricane hit Moscow with gusts of up to 30 m per second, which has never happened in the entire history of meteorological observations. This storm became the deadliest in Belokamennaya after the tornado of 1904: 18 people were killed, more than 170 were injured

In late May - early June, destructive tornadoes and tornadoes swept through Tatarstan, Altai, the Urals - in the Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions, in Bashkiria (in Tatarstan - with freezing rain). Summer snow fell in Moscow and St. Petersburg on June 2. Several regions located thousands of kilometers apart from each other: in Siberia, the Volga region and the North Caucasus were hit by the elements at once. Hurricanes and prolonged downpours were observed in Barnaul, Tolyatti, the Kurgan region, North Ossetia, Kabardino-Balkaria, etc. Heavy rains and flooding in the Stavropol region have become the strongest over the past half century. In the capital, June 15 turned out to be the coldest in this century - only +9.4 °С. Four months - March, April, May and June - were marked in the capital by the excess of monthly precipitation norms by more than 160-180%. But this record was broken on June 30, when 85% of the monthly norm fell in Moscow. This has not happened for 95 years - since 1923. Meanwhile, "real northern summer" came to Murmansk and Severomorsk - on June 21, the temperature dropped sharply to 0 ° C, snowdrifts grew on the streets.

Residents of the central part of Russia can envy those who live in Southern Siberia: in Krasnoyarsk, Abakan, Irkutsk, Novosibirsk, heat records set in May were continued in mid-June. It reached +34...+37 °C. And recently, in the steppe regions of the Crimea, the temperature reached +42 ... +43 ° С in the shade. It has been a terrible heat for a month now in a number of European countries, even worse in Central Asia - in Tashkent, for example, during the day it reaches +49 ° С.

In July, the number of weather anomalies and climatic disasters did not decrease. For the first three days of July, half of the monthly rainfall fell in Moscow - 47 mm. The Russian Emergencies Ministry has already warned that new natural disasters should be expected again in the near future. And scientists came up with new terms: “the weather is in a fever”, “the climate is in hysterics”. There are several versions of why the climate is so feverish.

Version number 1: getting colder due to warming

There are many hypotheses that try to explain what is the cause of anomalous climatic events. Among them are both scientific and those that are born in conversations on a bench at the entrance. But they are no less interesting.

According to meteorologists, global warming is to blame. Because of him, the climate has become unstable, unbalanced. But why does warming lead to cooling?

Version number 2: scientists spoil the weather

When Europe was sweltering in the heat in 2010, many were quick to blame the cataclysm on physicists who were doing research at the Large Hadron Collider. This world's largest particle accelerator is located on the border of France and Switzerland. Suspicions that “scientists are spoiling the weather for us” are still heard, although the LHC has been stopped for repairs since the end of 2016

Version #3: The sun goes out

Astronomers are alarmed: they have found a noticeable decrease in the activity of the Sun. In recent years, the level of magnetic activity of our luminary has decreased to record values, which indicates fundamental changes in its bowels, as well as the disastrous consequences of these processes for humanity. These conclusions were made by scientists from the UK.

Until recently, our star was in a state of great maximum, that is, increased activity. But in 2008 a new cycle began, which turned out to be surprisingly weak. Astronomers fear that the Sun has begun to fade. One of the signs of the activity of the luminary is the presence of spots on its surface. And there are catastrophically few of them this year! The number of sunspots is gradually decreasing. The pictures show that the thickness of the layer where they are born is decreasing. In addition, the rotation of the star in its polar regions has slowed down.

According to scientists, a period of abnormal calm of the Sun can lead to a prolonged cooling on our planet. It is also possible that the whims of weather observed now are the harbingers of a more formidable cataclysm.

Version #4: climate weapon

Climate weapons are prohibited by international conventions, but this does not mean that they are not being developed. And in some classifiers, weapons that can be called climate weapons are officially present. When a hurricane hit Moscow on May 29, resulting in human casualties and tearing off part of the roof from the Senate Palace in the Kremlin, the people murmured: the West used a secret technology that influenced the weather in Russia. We talked about emergencies and natural disasters.

I would like to hope that you will never have to be where a person's life is at risk. But if this does happen, then the most important thing is not to panic and remember everything that we talked about in the lesson.

This concludes our class. Goodbye.

October 13 - International Day for Disaster Reduction

This most important day for the life and destinies of mankind was established in the third decade of December 2009 by the General Assembly of the United Nations. And it is closely connected with the International Day for Combating Natural Disasters, celebrated since October 8, 1989. Almost at the same time, the International Decade (1990 - 1999) for Natural Disaster Reduction was announced. The main goal of both the International Decade and the International Day for Disaster Reduction was and is to increase the level of awareness of how in different countries their authorities and population reduce the risks from unexpected disasters due to the human factor or the nature of various kinds.

And there were plenty of them in the human age. Consider, for example, ancient history. In particular, the day of August 24, the seventy-ninth year. The top of Vesuvius suddenly spewed out smoke and flames. A terrible volcanic eruption began. It was reflected with stunning authenticity in the world-famous painting by Karl Bryullov "The Last Day of Pompeii". Unbearably hot ashes covered three cities - Herculandum, Stabiae, Pompeii (the place of the latter is now an open-air museum). Two tens of thousands of people lived in Pompeii. Two thousand of them did not have time to leave their homes, public buildings, and were literally immured in them by volcanic ash, suffocated from lack of air and terrible smoke. Vesuvius and now no-no and shows his bad character. But people anticipate his whims, and take measures to secure their lives.

World statistics show that up to 184 people die from natural disasters every day on our planet. There are huge losses every year. Let's take the year 2010 to be convincing. There have been 373 natural disasters on Earth. Almost 297 thousand people died in them. The material damage amounted to almost one hundred and nine billion dollars.
Why go far for examples?! In the same 2010, almost 56,000 people died in the flames of fires in Russia. Six years earlier, an earthquake of magnitude nine occurred in the depths of the Indian Ocean. Tsunami heights of ten and twenty meters caused catastrophic material damage to Indonesia, Thailand, Sri Lanka, the Maldives and India. But what are human lives compared to him?! And their receding ocean took with it more than two hundred thousand.
With the eruption of Vesuvius in ancient times and the earthquake in the depths of the Indian Ocean, the picture is clear - both natural disasters were impossible to predict. But what was the point of building the Fukushima-1 nuclear power plant in Japan on the seashore, and even in a dangerous seismic zone?! And the negative human factor played a catastrophic role - after the earthquake in the sea, the devastating tsunami not only almost demolished the nuclear power plant itself and contaminated the surrounding area with high levels of radiation, it killed thousands of people, impassable blockages remained in the place of residential buildings, industrial and other buildings - the economic damage exceeds one hundred billion dollars.
The human factor played an evil role at the Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP, where people also died and suffered enormous material damage. The hydroelectric power station was restored for a long time. But how can the death of a part of the personnel serving the station be compared with these costs?! As well as two hundred drowned in the Kuibyshev reservoir on the Volga in July 2010 as a result of a disaster with the ship "Bulgaria", which was sent to sail in a faulty condition. The big trouble is that adults drowned along with the ship, but there were dozens of children on it. Is it possible to justify the captains and sailors of two ships that passed by the distressed "Bulgaria"?!
We talked about almost fifty-six thousand Russians who died in 2010 in the flames of fires. But the human factor also played a fatal role in them - people carelessly make fires in the forest, and then do not extinguish them, set fire to deadwood near their villages, and in the summer heat one spark is enough to set everything on fire around. So thousands of hectares of taiga and entire settlements are burning before our eyes. But people are dying too. Dozens, hundreds, thousands!
International Days for Disaster Reduction are usually themed. In 2015, they were dedicated to knowledge for life, a year earlier - directly to reducing the risk of disasters for older people. In the Russian Federation, in 1994, the Ministry for Civil Defense, Emergency Situations and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters (MES) was established. It has significant financial capabilities, machinery and equipment, and a highly professional staff to deal with emergency situations. But its task also includes preventive work to prevent various kinds of disasters, explanatory work among the population to prevent them, reduce material and human losses, even if emergencies occur. In various forms and formats, the Ministry of Emergency Situations also work in other countries of the world. And uniting their efforts to reduce the risk of disasters in the world can bring positive results both today and in the future.