okr world 3 cells reliable protection of the body. Lesson on the world around "Skin is a reliable defense of the body" (Grade 3)
Observation "What kind of skin do we have?" Examine the skin on the hand. What is she? Pay attention to the folds. Try bending your finger. Does the skin have wrinkles by chance? Take a magnifying glass. Examine the skin through a magnifying glass. Try to see small holes - pores. How do you think. What are they for? Rub your forehead with your finger. Put your finger on the glass. What do you see?
Protects from wounds and dirt Digests food Breathes Sweat purifies the blood The game "Choose the answer" The skin is ... What functions does the skin perform? Through the pores of the skin Through the lungs Through the intestines Through what is fat and sweat released in the human body? What role does skin fat play? An important human organ The human skeleton The outer covering of the human body makes the skin soft and elastic makes the skin strong and strong makes the skin dexterous and slender What is the name of a person's ability to feel touch, pain, heat and cold? Touch Smell Taste
Skin care routine Wash your body every week hot water with soap Before each meal, wash your hands with soap. Brush your teeth twice a day. Protect skin from burns, cuts, bruises. Nails should be trimmed regularly so as not to create a free sanatorium for bacteria under them. temper
D e r m a t o l o g SK u n H e t h o o s u s e E p i d e r m i s R a d ia t i o n P o r s What is it called doctor who treats skin diseases Subcutaneous fat preserves… Reliable protection of the body The skin is an organ.. The skin breathes through… The skin is a good protector of the body from… The very first layer 1. Read the textbook with Answer questions 2. Pick up interesting stuff on the topics: "What do you know about hair?" or "Nails and their importance in human life." 3. “His hair stood on end with fear”, “goosebumps”. Find other expressions about the skin and explain them.
SKIN is a reliable defense of the body. Lesson-conversation at the week of biology and botany in grade 3 elementary school Prepared by the teacher of the GPA Kalinini Ksenia Gennadievna
Today we study the human body. Our topic: “Skin is a reliable protection of the body” We spoke about the skin as an organ of touch, that is, an organ of senses. And now let's talk about the skin as the largest human organ.
The structure of the skin. What is skin? Let's turn to explanatory dictionary. 1. Skin is the outer covering of the body of a person, an animal. 2. The shell of some fruits, peel (colloquial). We need the first definition. The skin is made up of three layers. The very first layer is called EPIDERMIS.
observation. Practical work. Look at the top layer of skin. - What do you see? - The holes you see are called PORES. - What are they needed for? Remember, when you come after a bath, how do you feel? Oxygen enters the body through the pores. So we can say that the skin is a respiratory organ? This is not the only purpose of the time. We will learn about other functions a little later.
observation. - Press your finger on the skin, you will see that this place will first turn white, and then turn pink again. Why is this happening? The dermis contains blood vessels that control heat loss. If it is hot outside, the blood vessels expand and excess heat is released to the outside, and if it is cold outside, the blood vessels contract and heat is stored in the body. In this way, the skin regulates our body temperature.
So what role does our skin play? Waterproof; respiratory organ; excretory organ; organ of touch; Protection from solar radiation; Body temperature regulator; Protection against mechanical influences….
observation. What interesting feature has our skin? Look carefully at the fingers and elbows, what happens to the skin when we bend and unbend the fingers and hand? (skin stretches and folds) Without folds in the skin, we would not be able to bend and unbend our arms and legs. The skin has the ability to regenerate. In some places the skin is thin (eyelids), and in some places it is thick - feet, hands.
05/03/17 And now the quiz!
How many layers does the skin consist of? a) 5 b) 3 c) 2
Skin is ... a) the outer cover of a person; b) internal organ; c) it is the wrapper of a person
Can the skin be called a respiratory organ? a) no b) yes c) don't know
What keeps skin soft? a) sweat glands b) pores c) sebaceous glands
Sweat is released when a person is ... a) cold b) just like that c) hot
The skin must be washed ... a) as needed b) morning and evening c) you can not wash
Can a person do without skin? a) of course b) no c) maybe
Reliable body protection
Leather- this is the organ of the human body, which has the largest surface, forming a barrier between the inner space and the outside world. It protects the body from microbes, slows down the loss of fluid, protects from sunlight; it is also the organ of touch and retains heat.
Skin has two layers: outer, epidermis, protects the inner (it is called the dermis). The epidermis gives the skin color; it constantly wears out and is updated due to young cells. In the dermis are hair roots, sweat glands and nerve endings that allow us to feel heat, pain - that is, are used in the process of touch.
You might ask: Is it good that the skin secretes oil and sweat? Do they irritate the skin? It turns out that fat and sweat are very important. Fat covers the skin with a thin layer, making it softer and more elastic. Sweat evaporates from the surface of the skin, and the human body cools from this. So it is easier for a person to endure heat or do hard work. In addition, harmful substances are excreted from the body with sweat.
It is bad when a lot of fat and sweat accumulate on the skin. Dust sticks to them. The skin becomes dirty. This is where the expanse for bacteria, among which there are many pathogens. Therefore, your skin should always be clean.
Guess riddles.
Waffle and striped
Smooth and shaggy
Always at hand
What it is?
Answer: towel
Where the sponge will not master,
Do not wash, do not wash,
I take on the task of:
Heels, elbows with soap rub,
And I wipe my knees
I don't forget anything.
Answer: Washcloth
Escapes like a living thing
But I won't release it.
The point is quite clear:
Let him wash my hands.
Answer: soap
Very good-natured
I am soft, obedient,
But when I want
I will even exude a stone.
Answer: Water
Remember the poem by Korney Chukovsky "Moydodyr", in which main character was so dirty that things ran away from him.
Write down the rules for skin care.
Wash your body with soap and a washcloth at least once a week.
Face, ears, neck should be washed twice a day - in the morning and at bedtime.
Wash your hands with soap and water several times a day, especially before meals.
If the skin dries up, lubricate with a cream, best for children.
First aid for skin damage
Ranka
Rinse the wound with clean water. Lubricate the skin around the wound with iodine or brilliant green (these liquids kill bacteria that can enter the body). Then bandage the wound with a clean bandage or apply a plaster.
Injury
Apply something cold to the bruised area.
Burn
Immediately fields the burnt place with plenty of cold water.
frostbite
Frostbitten places, if you are outside, rub with a dry mitten or just with your hand until the skin turns pink. Rub in circular motions. If your feet are cold, you need to jump, run until they get warm. When your hands are cold, quickly clench your fists. If the frostbitten place could not be warmed up on the street, immediately return home. At home, this place should be warmed with a little warm water, then carefully wiped and wrapped warmly.
If the wound, bruise, burn, frostbite are large, you should immediately consult a doctor!
Lesson type: combined
Target
- the formation of a holistic picture of the world and the awareness of the place of a person in it on the basis of the unity of rational-scientific knowledge and emotional-value comprehension by a child personal experience communication with people and nature;
Problem
What protects our body?
Tasks
in a practical way to study the properties of the skin, to teach proper care for her; Familiarize yourself with first aid techniques for skin injuries
Subject Results
will learn
Prepare a story about skin care;
characterize
hygiene and skin care products;
first aid measures for skin lesions.
Universally Learning Actions (UUD)
Regulatory: plan their actions in accordance with the task and the conditions for its implementation.
Cognitive: independent selection and formulation of a cognitive goal;
search and selection of the necessary information;
build reasoning in the form of a connection of simple judgments about an object, its structure, properties and relationships.
Communicative: adequately use communicative, primarily speech, means to solve various communicative tasks, build a monologue statement
Personal Outcomes
Installations on healthy lifestyle life and realization in real behavior and actions
Basic concepts and definitions
The skin as an organ of protection against damage and external influences.
First aid for skin damage. Skin hygiene
Preparing for the assimilation of new material
Get ready to show how you wash your hands, face, how you wipe them.
You already know that the skin is the organ of touch. But it also does other work in the body.
The main "care" of the skin is the protection of the internal parts of the body from various damages, from cold and heat, from pathogenic bacteria.
Consider a photo. What skin care products do you use?
Learning new material
You may be asking: is it good that the skin secretes oil and sweat? Do they irritate the skin? It turns out that fat and sweat are very important. Fat, covering the skin with a thin layer, makes it softer and more elastic.
Sweat evaporates from the surface of the skin, and the human body is cooled by this. So it is easier for a person to endure heat or do hard work. In addition, harmful substances are excreted from the body with sweat.
It is bad when a lot of fat and sweat accumulate on the skin. Dust sticks to them. The skin becomes dirty. This is where the expanse for bacteria, among which there are many pathogens. Therefore, your skin should always be clean.
It is necessary to wash the whole body with soap and a washcloth at least once a week. Face, ears, neck should be washed twice a day - in the morning and before bedtime. Wash my hands with soap and water several times a day, especially before meals. Don't forget to dry them with your towel.
If you wipe your face and hands badly, the skin becomes weathered: it dries up, flakes and even cracks. Lubricate it with cream, best for children.
Rendering first aid for yourself or a friend in case of skin damage: small wounds, bruises, burns, frostbite. Do the exercises according to these rules.
Rank. Rinse the wound with clean water. Lubricate the skin around the wound with iodine or brilliant green (these liquids kill bacteria that can enter the body). Then bandage the wound with a clean bandage or glue a piece of bandage with a plaster.
Injury. Apply something cold to the bruised area, such as a cloth soaked in cold water, or a heating pad with cold water.
Burn. Immediately scorched the area with plenty of cold water.
Freezing. Frostbite on the cheeks, ears, and nose is easy to notice in a comrade: in frostbitten places, the skin turns sharply pale. These places are rubbed with a dry mitten, handkerchief, or simply with your hand until the skin turns pink. Need to rub in a circular motion. You can not rub the skin with snow, so as not to scratch.
If you feel that your feet are cold, jump, run until they warm up. When your hands are cold, quickly clench your fists. If this does not help, rub your fingers with a dry mitten or hand
If the frostbitten place could not be warmed up on the street, immediately return home. Do-ma this place should be warmed with a little warm water, then carefully wiped and wrapped warmly
Comprehension and understanding of the acquired knowledge
Practical work
1. Examine the skin on your hand. Feel it, pull it. What can you say about the skin?
2. Run your finger over your forehead, then put your finger on the glass. What's left on the glass? How do you explain it?
3. Examine the skin through a magnifying glass. What do you see on it? Try to see small holes - pores. What do you think they mean
If the wound, bruise, burn, frostbite is large, you should immediately consult a doctor!
Conclusion
The skin protects the internal parts of the human body from damage, from heat and cold, from pathogenic bacteria. It is necessary to take care of the skin: keep it clean, and if the skin dries out, lubricate it with cream. In case of minor skin injuries, you need to immediately provide the victim with first aid.
Independent application of knowledge
1. What is the importance of skin? 2. What role do fat and sweat play in the skin? 3. How should you take care of your skin? 4. Tell us about first aid for minor skin wounds, bruises, burns, frostbite.
Homework assignments
Write in the dictionary: bruise, burn, fainting.
Remember how to take care of your skin, and follow these rules. Tell the younger guys about them.
About human skin
StructureAndfunctionsskin
Lesson: The world
Class: 3
Lesson topic: Reliable body protection.
Target: To acquaint children with the concept of "skin" and its functions.
Tasks: Consider the structure of the skin;
Teach proper skin care
To expand students' understanding of the functions of the skin;
Replenish students' vocabulary.
Equipment: presentation “The skin is a reliable protection of the body”, a magnifying glass, tests for checking homework and new material, the cartoon “Vasily’s Treatment”, an explanatory dictionary.
During the classes.
I. Organizing time.
II. Checking homework.
Students' retelling.
Test - questionnaire.
a) What is the name of the science that studies the structure of the human body?
Physiology zoology anatomy
b) How many sense organs do you know?
7 6 5
B) Connect with lines.
Eyes Organ of touch
Ears organ of taste
Nose Organ of vision
Skin olfactory organ
Tongue Organ of hearing
D) Why do people blink?
E) With the help of what organ do you know that the nightingale sang, the dog barked?
ears eyes nose brain
E) With the help of what organ do you distinguish salty food from bitter?
teeth nose tongue eyes lips
III. The topic of the lesson.
Solve the riddle.
I cover the body from above
I protect and breathe.
I sweat outside
I control body temperature. (leather)
Today in the lesson we will continue to study the human body.
Lesson topicThe skin is the body's strongest defense.
We spoke about the skin as an organ of touch, that is, an organ of senses. And now let's talk about the skin as the largest human organ.
Fizminutka.
(rubbing ears)
IV. The structure of the skin.
What is skin? Let's turn to the explanatory dictionary.
1. Skin - This the outer covering of the human or animal body.
2 . The shell of some fruits, peel (colloquial).
We need the first definition.
The skin is made up of three layers.
The first layer is calledEPIDERMIS.
The outer layer is very thin, it is constantly updated. The upper scales (cells) are exfoliated, new ones are formed that grow from the inside (show).Thus, our skin produces billions of new cells and we lose the same amount of old cells. Throughout our lives, our skin is constantly renewed. The complete process of skin renewal occurs approximately 1000 times in a lifetime.
THIS IS INTERESTING.
Eaters of our skin are microscopic bugs saprophytes. We cannot see them with the naked eye, but I will show them to you. (slides)
These bugs are very harmful to people with allergies, so you need to vacuum the floor as often as possible and shake out the bag in time.
What is the top layer of skin for?
Tell me, can a person get wet so that he can be wrung out? (No)
So we can say that our skin is waterproof. (The word is posted on the board -water resistance )
Take the magnifying glass lying on the desk. Look through it at the top layer of skin. What do you see? (hairs, holes).
The holes you see are calledPORES. What are they needed for? Rememberwhen you come back after the bath, how do you feel? (feeling of lightness, the skin breathes)This is true, oxygen enters the body through the pores. So we can say that the skin is a respiratory organ? (Yes)
(Written on the board -respiratory organ )
This is not the only purpose of the time. We will learn about other functions a little later.
Fizminutka.
The second layer is calledDERMIS This is the skin itself. This relatively thick layer is rich in glands that produce sebum. Like a cream is squeezed out of a tube and through the pores in the skin - sebum gets to the surface. Thanks to this, the skin lubricates itself, otherwise the sun, water, wind and various chemicals would quickly dry it out, and it would crack.The sebaceous glands are not the only glands in the skin. When we are hot, we sweat. Sweat is released through the pores. It tastes salty. Where does sweat come from, how does it arise? It is produced by millions of sweat glands in the skin. Together with sweat, various harmful substances are released from our body, as well as a lot of water and salt, and their losses must be constantly compensated. Can we say that the skin is an organ of excretion? (inscription -excretory organ ).
Remember, when you get out of the water in the summer, even if it's hot outside, you get cold. The sweat glands work the same way.
Press your finger on the skin, you will see that this place will first turn white, and then turn pink again. Why is this happening? The dermis contains blood vessels that control heat loss. If it is hot outside, the blood vessels expand and excess heat is released to the outside, and if it is cold outside, the blood vessels contract and heat is stored in the body.
In this way, the skin regulates our body temperature.
(on the board the inscription -Temperature regulator )
And the third layerHYPODERMIS or subcutaneousadipose tissue , consists of "lumps" of fat. They serve as a "warehouse" of nutrients and energy, as well as a cushion for the internal organs.
So, the skin is the largest and most important human organ. Man cannot live without skin. The skin is a protective shell that takes the first blows and wounds on itself.
Thus, we see that the skin is not just a shell, but a complex organ.
Why do people have different skin colors? (slide show).A person is born with a certain color of skin, and he cannot change it. Indeed, already at birth, the skin contains a certain number of colored grains, which are calledpigment. (on the board) And it also happens that people do not have pigment. Such people are called albinos, we already know about them.
True, white skin can be tinted a little with the sun. The sun is the source of life. And the point here is not even in a beautiful tan, but in something more important: only the skin is able to produce a very valuable substance with the help of the sun - vitamin D. This vitamin is especially needed for children - for the normal development of their bones . But do not abuse the sun, it can do harm.
The skin is a good protector of the body from solar radiation.
(On the desk -radiation protection )
So what role does our skin play?
Waterproof;
respiratory organ;
excretory organ;
organ of touch;
Protection from solar radiation;
Body temperature regulator;
Protection against mechanical influences….
V. Hygiene and skin care.
Read the text on page 136 and answer the questions:
How does skin become dirty?
How should you take care of your skin?
What does the skin protect the body from?
So, our skin protects our body from bacteria. (on the board the inscription -protection against bacteria )
Viewing the cartoon "Treatment of Vasily"
VI. First aid for skin lesions.
Unfortunately, our skin is not as strong as we think. We can cut ourselves, hit, burn ourselves, frostbite. Microbes can enter the body through wounds. Therefore, it is very important to be able to give yourself first aid.
Student messages.
A cut.
Rinse the wound with warm water. Lubricate the skin around the wound with iodine or brilliant green. These liquids kill bacteria that can enter the body. Then bandage the wound with a clean bandage or stick a bactericidal patch.
Injury.
Apply something cold to the bruised area, such as a cloth moistened with cold water.
Burn.
Immediately fill the burned area with cold water or lubricate with special ointments for burns. You can not lubricate the burnt place with iodine, brilliant green - these substances can cause even more pain.
Freezing.
Freezing is easy to see. The skin in frostbitten places turns pale sharply. These places are rubbed with light movements with a dry soft mitten, a handkerchief or just a hand until the skin turns red. You can not rub the skin with snow. If it was not possible to warm up on the street, you need to quickly go home.
Of course, we are only talking about mild skin lesions. If you have received more serious injuries, you should immediately go to the hospital or call an ambulance by calling 01.
What interesting feature does our skin have?
Look carefully at the fingers and elbows, what happens to the skin when we bend and unbend the fingers and hand? (skin stretches and folds) Without folds in the skin, we would not be able to bend and unbend our arms and legs. The skin has the ability to regenerate.
In some places the skin is thin (eyelids), and in some places it is thick - feet, hands.
VIІ. Summing up.
And now, let's check how you learned a new topic. Let's conduct a test, you need to choose only one answer and write a letter on a piece of paper.
How many layers does the skin consist of?
a) 5 o) 3 d) 2
2) Skin is...
c) the outer cover of a person; b) internal organ; c) it is the wrapper of a person
3) can the skin be called a respiratory organ?
a) no e) yes d) don't know
4) What makes the skin always soft?
g) sweat glands r) pores m) sebaceous glands
5) Sweat is released when a person ...
h) cold i) just like that l) hot
6) The skin must be washed ...
o) as needed p) morning and evening e) you can not wash
7) Can a person do without skin?
m) of course s) no y) maybe
Look at the letters that you wrote out, what word can you make from them? (well done) Whoever got the word well done, coped with the test, who didn’t succeed, it doesn’t matter.
Let's give ourselves a clap, because you did a very good job.
VIII. Putting marks. Recording homework.
Municipal educational institution
"Secondary school No. 35"
Compiled by: Koshkina S.V.
Class: 3b
Kiselevsk 2009
