Grinev's life in his parents' house. The life of parsley in the parental home description
When starting to analyze the image of Pyotr Grinev, the main character in the family chronicle, we should first of all pay attention to Grinev’s special place in the work. This is not only one of the main characters, but also the “author” of the notes, the narrator. Finally, behind the image of the narrator (the same Grinev in old age, at the beginning of the 19th century), the face of the true author of the “notes”, Pushkin, “shines through.” To some extent, in judgments about life, in the narrator’s relationship to events, a purely Pushkinian perception of reality will appear.
It is difficult, and it makes no sense, to deal with the question of in which of Grinev’s arguments the thoughts of the young hero of the novel are presented to us, in which of the real author, but we should be aware of the complexity of Grinev’s image. It would be equally erroneous to identify Grinev’s views with Pushkin’s worldview (it is immeasurably more serious, more progressive, deeper; Grinev is very simple and limited), and to completely ignore in Grinev’s worldview some elements of Pushkin’s views on life (for example, in Grinev’s judgments about people, which he encounters in some judgments about Pugachev, in his assessments of the government camp of the fighting forces).
Let us also note that in the composition of Grinev’s image, from the very beginning of the narrative, the focus is on clarity and simplicity. Wait, a story about interesting and not quite ordinary adventures of youth. Lots of events, few thoughts. Psychology is transmitted through actions and actions. The actions and adventures are told very simply. This is how a grandfather tells his grandson about his experience. This simplicity and artlessness, however, is characteristic of Pushkin’s prose in general. When analyzing Grinev’s image, all this must be taken into account. And do not lose sight of the difference between two points of view on the events depicted: the point of view of the narrator and the point of view of Pushkin. Examples of measures will be indicated below.
Revealing the hero in successively developing life events, in actions, in relationships with people around him, leads us to a plan of analysis:
1) childhood and adolescence, the environment that raised the hero;
2) manifestation of character upon first entry into independent life;
3) attitude towards others during the period of peaceful life in the Belogorsk fortress;
4) a love story for Marya Ivanovna and
5) history of relations with Pugachev (character develops and manifests itself to the fullest and views on life are determined);
6) final generalization: the main personality traits of the hero, the typicality of the image, its place in the composition of the novel.
Speaking about Grinev’s childhood and youth, one should pay attention to the various influences that influenced him and shaped his personality. Father is a retired prime minister, a limited and powerful landowner and head of the family, at the same time different strict attitude to issues of morality, instills in his son a high understanding of issues of honor in the noble sense; he considers officer service not a means for establishing a career, but a nobleman’s duty to the state.
His discussions about St. Petersburg, about the promotion of his former comrades, smack of a certain opposition to the order established in areas close to the government and court. All this has an impact on my son. Little is said about Peter Grinev’s mother, but the appearance of a loving and caring woman, meek and gentle, emerges from the little that we learn about her. Its influence will be felt later, when the character of Pyotr Grinev begins to reveal itself.
The Frenchman Beaupré “was a hairdresser in his fatherland”; he was “discharged from Moscow along with a year’s supply of wine and Provençal oil.” The figure is colorful and quite typical, touching on a theme well known to students from “The Minor,” “I’m on Fire,” and “Eugene Onegin.”
A large place in the upbringing of Pyotr Grinev was obviously occupied by the serf uncle Savelich, an honest, intelligent and literate man, but, however, very limited. His image reflects the centuries-old slave position of courtyard servants. These are the people surrounding Pyotr Grinev. Pyotr Grinev’s lifestyle in his parents’ house is typical of a noble urchin: “I lived as a urchin, chasing pigeons and playing leapfrog with the yard boys.” “He’s done running around the girls’ rooms and climbing into dovecotes,” says the father. The first steps of independent life (the episode with 3urin) reveal the features of the emerging personality. Students will easily understand them, remembering Grinev’s behavior. Here is the frivolity and rudeness of the landowner’s son towards the old devoted servant (“I am your master, and you are my servant”): at the same time, in an effort to give back the money, the debt, it would seem, is not very serious - a loss in a billiard game - we see a certain idea of the need to keep one's word, of honesty. Following this is a cordial conversation and peace with Savelich, revealing the warmth and kindness in Grinev.
What does the story about his peaceful life in the Belogorsk fortress give for the development of Grinev’s image? Let us note that the Mironov family suited him perfectly: simplicity, good nature, modesty and unpretentiousness, cordiality and sincerity of relationships - all this cannot but affect Grinev. His mental demands are small, his attitude towards service follows the formula “don’t ask for service; don’t talk yourself out of serving.”
Grinev is of little concern that “in the God-saved fortress there were no inspections, no exercises, no guards and that the only cannon was filled with pebbles and rubbish. But in the subtext, the reader feels the attitude of the author of the novel to what is being described: the task of protecting the outskirts of a huge empire is poorly handled. This is one example of the presence of two angles of view in the depiction of reality. Having nothing better to do, Grinev reads French books taken from Shvabrin (it turns out that Beaupre also came in handy for something).
The nascent love for Masha Mironova evokes a desire for poetic pursuits. “My experiences were considerable for those times,” the narrator narrates, and gives an example: Destroying the thought of love, I strive to forget the beautiful... etc. The poems are bad. Pushkin took them from a collection published by neither. Novikov: “New and complete collection of Russian songs”, 1780 - 1781, slightly changing some lines. One of the researchers notes: “The poem belongs to those that Pushkin in “The History of the Village of Goryukhin” described as composed by “soldiers, clerks and boyar servants.” As we can see, the hero’s mediocrity is repeatedly noted throughout the narrative. He does not amaze us with either a brilliant mind, or extraordinary aspirations, or strong passions. That's not his attraction.
In the story “The Captain's Daughter” A.S. Pushkin touches on the problem of noble honor, which is very important for him and his compatriots. Showing the gradual development of the personality of Pyotr Grinev, the main character of the work, the author outlines the Russian national character, which is characterized by such qualities as kindness, nobility, honesty, loyalty to one’s word and the sovereign. Only after going through difficult life trials does the young nobleman become what we see him in the finale.
Life in my father's house
The text of the story is a memoir written on behalf of the main character, which gives the events described greater authenticity: no one can tell about a person better than himself.
Petrusha received a traditional upbringing for noble children. The kind uncle Savelich was assigned to him, who accompanied the young man even after his departure for service. He was taught by the French hairdresser Beaupré, who could not give a thorough education. The boy lived as a teenager, carefree and without thinking about the future.
Even before birth, the father enrolled his son in But when Pyotr Grinev reached the age of sixteen, he decided to send him not to St. Petersburg, but to Orenburg, under the supervision of an old acquaintance. It was a foregone conclusion further fate young nobleman.
Entering an independent life
The main parting word that the father gave when seeing off his son: “Take care of... honor from a young age.” Peter will follow this principle throughout his life. In the meantime, he looks more like a spoiled little baron. For the first time he gets drunk and loses a hundred rubles to an unfamiliar Zurin, then demands that Savelich definitely repay the debt. He insists on an urgent departure to where he was assigned in Orenburg, and finds himself in a strong snowstorm. But the formation of the personality of Pyotr Grinev is already beginning. He suffers, realizing his guilt before his faithful uncle, and asks him for forgiveness - the ability to admit his mistakes. He gives the counselor who helped them get out of the snowstorm a sheepskin coat - gratitude for the help provided.
Test of love
In the Belogorsk fortress, life brings Pyotr Grinev together with a glorious family and the cowardly Shvabrin. The actions of the latter to a greater extent highlight the noble traits of the main character. Both fall in love with Masha Mironova, but if Shvabrin stoops to baseness after receiving a refusal, Grinev is ready to defend the honor of his beloved girl at the cost of his own life. This happens in the case of a duel, when the hero challenges a more experienced opponent to a duel, who spoke insultingly towards Masha. And also at the moment when the Pugachevites enter the fortress.
Shvabrin not only goes over to their side, but also tricks him into keeping the defenseless girl locked up, and then announces that she is the daughter of the executed commandant. The characterization of Pyotr Grinev is completely different in the current situation. He has to make a difficult choice between the duty of an officer, which obliges him to go to the unit, and the desire to protect his beloved. While the hero is sure that nothing threatens Masha, he goes to Orenburg, but at her first call, without receiving support and understanding from the command, he returns to the fortress. The hero will also remain silent at trial, when the accusation of treason based on the denunciation of the same Shvabrin could cost him his life. After all, to tell for what purpose he went to the fortress to Pugachev meant to involve the commandant’s daughter in an unpleasant story. And only Masha’s meeting with the empress will help restore justice and justify the hero.
Thus, the next stage when the formation of Pyotr Grinev’s personality occurs is his love, sincere and selfless. She turned yesterday's mischievous person into one capable of taking responsibility for another person.
Meeting Pugachev
During the capture of the Belogorsk fortress, Grinev shows strength of character, loyalty to the oath and the empress, and courage. Of course, a certain role in the fact that he was not executed along with the others was played by the hare sheepskin coat that Peter gave to the counselor on the way to the fortress. But the young officer refused to kiss the impostor’s hand and swear allegiance to him. It was this moral fortitude and willingness to accept death for one’s convictions that determined Pugachev’s attitude towards Grinev. And also the ability to always tell the truth, sincerity in everything and a feeling of complete inner freedom. This could be the characterization of Pyotr Grinev in the chapters that describe his meetings with the impostor. Indeed, the latter did not invite everyone to his table, let him go on all fours after refusing to go into his service, or gave his blessing for marriage with the daughter of the commandant of a military fortress.
The image of Pyotr Grinev in the story “The Captain's Daughter”: conclusions
Thus, during the events described, the character of the protagonist undergoes changes. And several points are important in this process. Firstly, the reasonable decision of the father, who sent his son not to St. Petersburg, where an idle life and amusements awaited him, but to a remote fortress, which in fact became the place where he pulled the strap and smelled gunpowder. Secondly, the era itself and the important historical event- uprising under the leadership of Pugachev. Only in difficult life situations, as a rule, do true human beings emerge. In this case, the carefree boy turned into a real man.
Defining the ideological plan of A. Pushkin, it can be noted that the gradual formation of the personality of Pyotr Grinev was supposed to reveal in the hero those traits that every Russian nobleman should have. And the main ones are “two wonderful qualities”: kindness and nobility. They are exactly what Pyotr Grinev would like to see in his descendants. This wish of the author of the memoirs, which completed the draft version of the story, was excluded when latest edition"The Captain's Daughter"
The author of the story shows how the boy grew up in an environment typical of landowner families of that time. His mentors were the courtyard uncle Savelich and the French hairdresser Beaupré, who posed as a teacher. Even before his birth, he “was enlisted in the Semenovsky regiment as a sergeant.” It is clear that in the conditions in which the young man was brought up, he could not receive a very deep and thorough education. He “learned Russian literacy and could very sensibly judge the properties of a greyhound dog.” Since one of his mentors was French, of course, Peter studied within certain limits native language your teacher. In his parents’ house, he lived carefree, not having the habit of seriously thinking about any problems, much less solving important life issues: “I lived as a teenager, chasing pigeons and playing leapfrog with the yard boys.” The father suddenly decides that it’s time to change his son’s idle lifestyle - it’s time for him to go to work. The young man is delighted, he is already looking forward to life in St. Petersburg, full of fun and pleasure. However, the father understands that for personal development for his son, the idle life of a guard officer will not yield anything: “What will he learn while serving in St. Petersburg? hang out and hang out? No, let him serve in the army, let him pull the strap, let him be a soldier, not a shamaton.” So all the bright hopes young man collapse: instead of St. Petersburg, he goes to Orenburg, and from there he is sent to the Belogorsk fortress. All this causes despondency in the young man’s soul: “...what did it serve me that even in my mother’s womb I was already a guard sergeant! Where has this got me? To the *** regiment and to a remote fortress on the border of the Kyrgyz-Kaisak steppes! . »
however, the will of the father for Peter, as for most young people of that time, is the law; You cannot argue with her, you can only submit to her without complaint. Before separation, the father gives a farewell to his son; in the few words he said there is a huge meaning; he briefly but succinctly talks about what the honor of a nobleman consists of. Despite his youth and the frivolity characteristic of this age, the young man will forever remember the words of his father and will not change his covenants: “Serve faithfully to whom you swear allegiance; obey your superiors; Don’t chase their affection; don’t ask for service; do not dissuade yourself from serving; and remember the proverb: take care of your dress again, but take care of your honor from a young age.”
In his story “The Captain's Daughter,” Pushkin showed how the personality of his hero gradually transformed. By nature, he has many worthy qualities, but they achieve true revelation only in life’s trials, and we see how a frivolous young man, almost a boy, becomes a man, a mature person, capable of taking responsibility for his actions.
Parsley's life in her parents' house (description)
- The author of the story shows how the boy grew up in an environment typical of
landowner families of that time. His mentors were a yard guy
Savelich and the French hairdresser Beaupré, posing as a teacher.
Even before his birth, he “was enlisted in the Semenovsky regiment as a sergeant.” It's clear,
that in the conditions in which the young man was brought up, he could not receive
very deep and thorough education. He "learned Russian
literacy and could very sensibly judge the properties of a greyhound male.” Because the
one of his mentors was French, of course, Peter in certain
within the limits of learning the native language of his teacher. He lived in his parents' house
carefree, without the habit of seriously thinking about any
problems, and even more so to solve important life issues: “I lived
underage, chasing pigeons and playing leapfrog with the yard boys.”
The father suddenly decides that it’s time to change his son’s idle lifestyle -
It's time to get back to work. The young man is delighted, he is already anticipating
life in St. Petersburg, full of fun and pleasure. However, the father understands
that for the personal development of his son the idle life of a guard officer
will not give anything: “What will he learn while serving in St. Petersburg? shake yes
hang out? No, let him serve in the army, let him pull the strap, let him be
a soldier, not a shamaton.” So all the young man's bright hopes
collapse: instead of St. Petersburg, he goes to Orenburg, and from there his
sent to the Belogorsk fortress. All this causes despondency in the young man’s soul:
“...why did it serve me that even in my mother’s womb I was already a guard
Sergeant! Where has this got me? To the *** regiment and to the remote fortress
border of the Kyrgyz-Kaisak steppes!..”
however, the will of the father for Peter, as well as
for most young people of that time - the law; you can't be with her
to argue, one can only submit to it without complaint. Before separation father
admonishes his son; in the few words he spoke there is a huge
meaning, it briefly but succinctly talks about what honor consists of
nobleman. Despite his youth and characteristic of this age
frivolity, the young man will forever remember his father’s words and will not change him
covenants: “Serve faithfully to whom you pledge allegiance; obey your superiors; for their
do not chase with affection; don’t ask for service; not from the service
make excuses; and remember the proverb: take care of your dress again, but take care of your honor from a young age.”In his story “The Captain's Daughter” Pushkin showed how gradually
the personality of his hero is transformed. By nature, it contains a lot
worthy qualities, but they achieve true revelation only in
life's trials, and we see how a frivolous young man, almost
boy becomes a man, a mature person, capable of taking responsibility
your actions. - The very first chapter of the story gives a clear idea of Grinev’s life in his parents’ home.
They got along in his father high performances about the honor and duty of a nobleman, contempt for careerists and young secular rakes, sincere cordiality that noted the “people of the old century” and the habits of the serf owner. A soft but weak-willed mother; honest and devoted narrow-minded Savelich; the kind but dissolute Monsieur Beaupré; yard boys - this is Petrusha’s environment in his childhood. Therefore, it is not surprising that knowledge at the end of the home education course was limited to the ability to judge the “properties of a greyhound dog,” read some French and fight with swords. The most incredible confusion reigned in moral concepts. He considered service in the guard to be “the pinnacle of human well-being,” and a cheerful life in St. Petersburg to be his greatest happiness.
It cannot be said that Petrusha completely assimilated his father’s views, although, of course, many and most important things sank into his soul. It is not for nothing that he, albeit in an ironic form, but in the spirit of his youthful views, explains to the Orenburg general the meaning of the saying “Hedgehog gloves.” Growing up in the countryside, far from secular society, Grinev learned to judge people impartially. He adopted some serf manners from his father, but at the same time directness and honesty.
Grinev’s independent life, which began from the moment he left his home, is the path of losing many illusions and prejudices, and at the same time enriching his inner world. The father deals the first blow to illusions, as he decides to send his son to the army. Two sides of the character are revealed in episodes of meetings with Zurin and the “counselor”. The dream of a cheerful and carefree life disappears after meeting Zurin, giving way to shame and repentance, but the meeting with the “counselor” gives an impetus to awaken in Grinev’s soul the good that the hero took from his parents’ home.
Father's instructions:
Let him serve in the army, let him pull the strap, let him smell gunpowder, let him be a soldier, not a shamaton.
Serve faithfully to whom you pledge allegiance.
Take care of your dress again, and take care of your honor from a young age.
Petrusha remembered these words for the rest of his life. It is by following these instructions that the hero tries to build his life. But not everything in it goes as smoothly as we would like.
The hero's independent life begins - this is a path of many illusions, prejudices, and at the same time the enrichment of his inner world. The dream of a cheerful and carefree life quickly disappears after meeting Zurin, replaced by deep remorse and shame. Grinev scolded Savelich, but Petrusha is tormented by his conscience. And as long as a person has a conscience, this allows him to become better. The next morning he asks Savelich for forgiveness and repents.
Grinev’s life path is a path of honor, conscience, truth. Despite the mistakes of the hero of the story, the image of an honest, kind, courageous person, capable of great feeling, faithful to love, living according to his conscience, grows before us, the readers. These qualities are the main ones, they make him so attractive.
Well, what if it’s Grinev?!
The very first chapter of the story gives a clear idea of Grinev’s life in his parents’ home.
His father coexisted high ideas about the honor and duty of a nobleman, contempt for careerists and secular young rakes, sincere cordiality that noted “people of the old century” and the habits of the serf owner. A soft but weak-willed mother; honest and devoted narrow-minded Savelich; the kind but dissolute Monsieur Beaupré; yard boys - this is Petrusha’s environment in his childhood. Therefore, it is not surprising that knowledge at the end of the home education course was limited to the ability to judge the “properties of a greyhound dog,” somehow read French and fight with swords. The most incredible confusion reigned in moral concepts. He considered service in the guard to be “the pinnacle of human well-being,” and a cheerful life in St. Petersburg to be his greatest happiness.
It cannot be said that Petrusha completely assimilated his father’s views, although, of course, many and most important things sunk into his soul. It is not for nothing that he, albeit in an ironic form, but in the spirit of his youthful views, explains to the Orenburg general the meaning of the saying “Hedgehog gloves.” Growing up in the countryside, far from secular society, Grinev learned to judge people impartially. He adopted some serf manners from his father, but at the same time directness and honesty.
Grinev’s independent life, which began from the moment he left his home, is the path of losing many illusions and prejudices, and at the same time enriching his inner world. The father deals the first blow to illusions, as he decides to send his son to the army. Two sides of the character are revealed in episodes of meetings with Zurin and the “counselor”. The dream of a cheerful and carefree life disappears after meeting Zurin, giving way to shame and repentance, but the meeting with the “counselor” gives an impetus to awaken in Grinev’s soul the good that the hero took from his parents’ home.
Father's instructions:
Let him serve in the army, let him pull the strap, let him smell gunpowder, let him be a soldier, not a shamaton.
Serve faithfully to whom you pledge allegiance.
Take care of your dress again, and take care of your honor from a young age.
Petrusha remembered these words for the rest of his life. It is by following these instructions that the hero tries to build his life. But not everything in it goes as smoothly as we would like.
The hero's independent life begins - this is a path of many illusions, prejudices, and at the same time the enrichment of his inner world. The dream of a cheerful and carefree life quickly disappears after meeting Zurin, replaced by deep remorse and shame. Grinev scolded Savelich, but Petrusha is tormented by his conscience. And as long as a person has a conscience, this allows him to become better. The next morning he asks Savelich for forgiveness and repents.
Grinev’s life path is a path of honor, conscience, truth. Despite the mistakes of the hero of the story, the image of an honest, kind, courageous person, capable of great feeling, faithful to love, living according to his conscience, grows before us, the readers. These qualities are the main ones, they make him so attractive.
