Presentation on the topic of physical activity and health. Physical activity and health

Syrovyatkina

Vladimirovna

Teacher of physical culture of younger students

MAOU "SOSH" No. 2

Verkhnyaya Pyshma

"Providing motor activity

students with disabilities

means of physical culture"

“Health care is the most important job of a teacher. Their spiritual life, worldview, mental development, strength of knowledge depend on the cheerfulness and cheerfulness of children.

faith in one's strength"

V. A. Sukhomlinsky.

Actualization of the problem

creation of conditions for ensuring physical

and the mental well-being of every child

inclusion of parents in the educational process

for the preservation and promotion of children's health

making independent decisions in strengthening

and control of your health

Target:

health promotion

and activation of the child,

his motor skills

and physical condition.

Solved Tasks:

formation of basic motor skills and abilities;

formation of a habit and interest in systematic

physical exercises;

learning self-control skills.

development of basic motor qualities;

protecting and strengthening the health of students;

Health

Morning work-out

Physical exercise during the day

Physical education lessons

Sports

Daily regime

hardening

Psychological comfort

Balanced diet

Health groups

Group I - healthy children

Group II - healthy children with morphofunctional

deviations

III group - patients with chronic diseases

in compensation

IV group - patients with chronic diseases

in the stage of subcompensation

Group V - patients with chronic diseases

in the stage of decompensation

Complexes of gymnastic exercises

A good means of health formation and prevention at physical education lessons are complexes of gymnastic exercises with objects. Also in the classroom, a lot of rearrangements, exercises for coordinating movements, orientation in space are used.

Formation of correct posture

Scoliosis prevention

The following exercises are used in physical education lessons:

for the formation of posture,

scoliosis prevention - i.e. mobilization of the spinal column

(these exercises are completed in each lesson)

Prevention of flat feet -

foot muscles are actively "working"

Prevention of obesity -

Mobility

musculoskeletal system -

active driving mode

regular physical training

strengthening

of cardio-vascular system -

Breathing exercises

aerobic exercise

is of great importance in the health of a school-age child

Approximate sets of exercises for diseases of the cardiovascular system

EXAMPLES

COMPLEXES OF EXERCISES

IN DISEASE

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

The leading principle in working with students with poor health is a differentiated approach, dosing the load, taking into account individual characteristics.

Approximate sets of exercises for kidney disease, nephritis, pyelonephritis

EXAMPLES

COMPLEXES OF EXERCISES

IN DISEASE OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

self control

cardiac

cuts

Along with general educational tasks in the process of classes, a significant place is occupied by the issues of improving and strengthening the body of those involved.

At each lesson, the heart rate (HR) is determined for students.

Self-analysis of the physical state of the body

Physical ability
		1st half	2 semester	1st half	2 semester	1st half	2 semester
Standing long jump (cm)
Run 30 m (sec)
Cross 1 km (min)
Hanging on the bar (sec)
Push-ups (number of times)
Jumping rope (number of times)
Press 30 sec (number of times)
Forward bends from sitting position (cm)

Each semester, students complete self-assessment cards of their achievements. Thus, the student learns to explore his activity and create motives for restructuring his educational activity, the student develops a desire to do the work after he has understood and accepted the task, to accustom students to constantly ask themselves: “Why is this?”, “What is required?” , “How do others do it?”, “How did they do it in the lesson?”.

Color the respiratory organs

working with proper inspiration.

Assemble the puzzle

For the 5th year since the Second Generation Standards have been introduced and the third hour of physical culture has been added, it has become necessary to conduct theoretical lessons. Such lessons are built to create an atmosphere of success for each child. Where children with poor health can also fully demonstrate their skills and knowledge. Comfortable conditions have been created at the lessons for the disclosure, realization and development of the personal potential of students, health protection and introspection. Cards that were successfully created and tested at theoretical lessons of physical culture are presented.

Verification work

1. Physical activity and health
2. Rational nutrition
3. Rational organization

1 Physical activity and health.
Analysis of the conditions of animal evolution
world shows that it is the movement

and life support: maintaining
thermal stability, food extraction, protection
from enemies and realization of instinct
reproduction of offspring. Exactly
improvement of forms of movement,
which provided more profitable
adaptation to changing living conditions,
was the starting point of the biological
evolution.
Motor activity is
essential factor,
unfolding
structural-functional genetic

body programs in progress
individual development. It is generally accepted
that rational physical activity
allows you to maintain the state
human health and work capacity
high level. Adaptation to
systematic physical activity
has a pronounced anti-sclerotic
effect, reduces blood pressure in
early stages of hypertension
has a positive effect on the course of diabetes
diabetes, increases the body's resistance

to severe damage.
Movement is the most powerful mechanism
supply of energy to cells. Increases blood flow
4-5 times and increases breathing by 20-30 times
compared to rest. This includes
reserve capacity of the body, improves
its functional state. Physical
movements: gymnastics, walking, running, breathing
exercise, biking, skiing, and so
same swimming, massage, shower, rubbing
are an important condition for maintaining
health. They help expand
vessels, normalization of blood circulation and
respiration, improvement of general condition
organism.

increase resistance to stress, improve
sleep, etc.
In recent decades, due to
the introduction of automatic machines into the production and
mechanisms, man to a large extent
liberated himself from the need to move.
Over the past 150 years, the proportion of muscle energy
person in energy supply
technological processes decreased
many times (in 1852 - 94%, in 2005 -
0.15%). Modern man does not work
with their muscular energy, and
mostly by the power of your mind.

It is the low level of motor
human activity experts believe in
currently one of the most important
disease spreading factors
civilization.
Lack of movement - hypokinesia
causes a range of changes in
functioning of the organism
referred to as hypodynamia.
Causes of hypokinesia can be as
objective (physiological,
professional, clinical), and

subjective - (habitual, household,
school, climatic and geographical). But
regardless of the type of hypokinesia caused by
its hypodynamic consequences
are expressed in the fact that all functional
body systems that work
movement (breathing, circulation,
digestion, blood composition, thermoregulation)
less and less in demand in their
maximum possibilities. In general
health problems associated
hypodynamia can be imagined
in the following way:

- tissue dystrophy develops with a decrease
functional reserves;
- the coordinating and
integrating role of the movement, and each of
body systems begin to work on
provision, compensation for the weakest
link in the body, which is
pathologically altered system.;
- compensatory restructuring of all
sides of metabolism;
- the final link of the stress is turned off
reactions - movement that leads to tension
nervous system with the transition of stress into
distress;

- Significant changes are taking place
immunological properties of the organism and in
thermoregulation.
Thus, the conditions of modern life
lead to what is largely
the value of the formed
the evolution of the main condition for providing
preservation and maintenance of life - movement.
Physical education is part of
common human culture aimed at
using different types of motor
activities to maintain and strengthen
your health.

Sports are purposeful
use of specialized
exercise to achieve
high results of their implementation in
conditions of competition with others.
Thus, the purpose of physical culture
is health, and sport is the final
end result and victory over
rival, often achieved not for, but
contrary to health. Hence for
health promotion should be done
physical education.

For health training basic
life support systems optimal
may be the following means.
1. The cardiovascular system and blood
The best means are
cyclic exercises in aerobic
mode: running, walking, swimming, skiing,
bike. Execution time
should gradually reach 40-60 minutes with
at least 3-4 lessons per week. At
performing cyclic exercises in
increase in the number of red blood cells in the blood

Decreased cholesterol levels, which
is an important factor in the prevention
atherosclerosis; activated
anticoagulant blood system
hindering the formation
intravascular thrombi and infarction
myocardium.
2. The breathing apparatus is also tested
the beneficial effects of cyclical
aerobic exercises. Thanks to
they are breathing exercises
muscles, improves lung elasticity and

Enlargement of the airways
increased lung capacity and
gas exchange efficiency.
3. Central nervous system
The strength of nervous processes is brought up
through exercises of a power and speed-strength nature (work with weights,
gymnastic exercises, throwing,
jumps). These exercises, as well as
mobile and sport games, hardening
contribute to the improvement
balance and mobility of nerves
processes. Influenced by exercise

Endurance open closed and
the lumen of functioning
capillaries in the central nervous system, destruction occurs in it
and in the muscles of stress hormones - which is especially
important in high density conditions
information to be received and
recycle modern man.
4. Musculoskeletal system
To develop muscle strength,
predominantly exercise
power character with weights. These
exercise helps not only
accumulation in the muscles of energy
capacity, but also strengthening bones.

To ensure good condition
joints can be used exercises with
multiple repetitions: for the knee
joints - a bicycle, for the spine - in
lying position or in water, etc. For
achieving strength of ligaments, muscles,
tendons can be applied exercises
power or speed-power nature,
but excluding loads along the axis of the joint.
Well organized physical
exercises normalize activity
gastrointestinal tract: gastric and

Intestinal secretion, activity
digestive enzymes, motor
activity. Regular exercise
not only improve thermoregulation,
but also provide a systematic conclusion from
organisms of slag substances.
Thus, properly selected
physical activity helps
maintaining a high functional
level of all physiological systems, do
human life is more
economical and warn many
illness.

2. Rational nutrition
Nutrition is the leading biological
human need for
preservation of the life and health of the body.
By rational nutrition is meant
well-chosen diet
meets individual needs
organism, takes into account the nature of work,
sex and age characteristics,
climatic and geographical conditions
residence. Balanced diet
includes three main
principles:

. 1. Providing a balance of energy coming
with food and consumed by a person in the process
life;
2. Satisfying the body's need for
certain nutrients;
3. Compliance with the diet.
The first principle is everything the body needs
energy comes from food. Proteins, fats and
carbohydrates are broken down into monomers, which
used for the synthesis of substances or give in
as a result of further oxidation of energy in
form of ATP, CO2 and H O. It is known that 1 g of protein
food releases 4 kcal as a result of metabolism,
fat-9 kcal, carbohydrates - 4 kcal. organism
consumes the energy received from food in three
2

directions: 1) General exchange is
the minimum amount of energy required
for human life support
state of rest. Calculated on
"standard" man (30 years old, weight-65 kg) and
woman (age 30 years, weight 55 kg). At
for men, it averages 1600 kcal, for
women - 1400 kcal.
2) Energy consumption for the processes of food decay.
3) Energy expenditure for muscle activity. At
people who do not do physical labor
is 90-100 kcal / hour, during the lesson
physical education - 500-600 kcal / hour.

If we generalize all types of energy consumption, then
average daily expense for employees
mental labor in men, it will be
2550-2800 kcal, for women - 2200-2400 kcal;
for people engaged in heavy physical
labor - 3900 - 4300 kcal. For health
important as a lack of dietary calories, and
their excess.
The second principle To the main food
substances include proteins, fats, carbohydrates,
minerals, vitamins, water. For
meet the optimal need

Organisms in proteins, fats and their carbohydrates
ratio in diets should be
1:1,2:4. Proteins should take on average
12%, fats - 30-35% of total calories
diet, and the rest is carbohydrates.
So far about the value for
body of a particular food product
judged by its content
nutrients and energy. Wherein
many other aspects are ignored
meanings of food, for example, its
informational role and natural (live)
biological energy. Based on this

Swiss physiologist Bircher-Benner
proposed to evaluate nutrients not according to
their calorie content, and by content
biological energy. According to this
all foodstuffs are divided into 3
groups: The first (green) group includes
products consumed in natural
created by nature. It's raw
herbal products (fruits, fruits, vegetables
and green parts). In modern nutrition
man is the only natural food:
contains a lot of dietary fiber
structured water, require from the body

less energy for
digestion.
The second yellow group consists of products with
slightly weakened energy due to purification,
long-term storage or moderate
heating (steam). This includes bread
boiled vegetables, cereals, fruits, boiled
milk, boiled eggs.
The third (red) group represents
danger to human health. It includes
products with a strong weakening of energy due to
deadness, heat or high
content of synthetic chemical additives:

cheese, boiled or fried meat, fish,
poultry, smoked meats, salinity, as well as mushrooms
(they cannot accumulate energy themselves).
The human digestive system
over millions of years of evolution
adapted to processing
assimilation of exclusively natural
substances, which affected the features of its
structure, environment, digestive
enzymes, etc. For this reason, for each
type of products has its own program
sequential start-up

sections of the gastrointestinal tract. In each of its departments, one is created
optimal biochemical environment, which
best for digestion
food data. Therefore, it is logical
assume that each meal should
include mainly those products that
predominantly digested in the same
same parts of the gastrointestinal tract. On this basis, it was developed
theory of separate nutrition, which
suggests that in one meal not
should mix foods rich in
both proteins and carbohydrates. One of
such systems involves the following degree
compatibility of different products in one
eating

table

You need to plan your food
diet. At the same time, one should take into account not only
human needs, but also
individual, professional, household,
as well as the current functional state.
So, for people with asthenic physique (
thin-boned, thin with a narrow chest
human cell, with high metabolic activity
substances) it is recommended to use more
yellow foods: cereals, sweet berries and
fruits, lightly thermally processed vegetables,
dairy products, meat, poultry, fish,
vegetable and animal fats.

For hypersthenic people
physique (powerful skeleton, good
well-developed muscles, a tendency to
weight gain, decreased
metabolic activity) recommended
warm light food: fruits, vegetables, cereals,
legumes, poultry, vegetable oils and
other Intermediate characteristics of food
recommended for people
normosthenic physique (thin
long bones, moderate muscle development
systems, intermediate exchange activity
substances)

When planning a diet, preference
should be given to products grown in
their region, which contributes to the increase
their adaptive capabilities, Important
the conformity of character is also important
nutrition to the seasons of the annual cycle. In summer
eat more raw vegetables and fruits, and
in winter - fats, cereals, meat, dried fruits.
The following order is recommended
nutrients: liquids - fruits, vegetables,
salads are the main courses.
You can not start eating with fatty
products, while the gastrointestinal mucosa is covered

A greasy film that disrupts the process
secretion of digestive juices and
hinders absorption and digestion.
Water plays a very important role in
metabolic processes, digestion,
respiration, excretion, etc. Consumption
fluids (preferably water) should be taken 20-30 minutes before meals. Not recommended
drink liquids and within 1.5-2 hours
after eating, as those who did not have time to be absorbed into
small intestine vitamins and minerals
salts are washed into the lower gastrointestinal tract

inducing vitamin and mineral
failure. Every meal
it is recommended to start with raw
vegetable products. Such food is rich
biological energy stimulants
human and digestive secretions
juices. The content of dietary fiber in it
requires careful chewing
creates a sufficient load on the teeth and
a feeling of satiety is achieved. Such food
lingers in the stomach for a short time, quickly
passes into the intestines, freeing up space in

next meal. coarse fibers
plant foods in the intestines
stimulate its peristalsis, adsorb
harmful substances on themselves, retain
liquid, and of them under the influence of intestinal
microflora are synthesized
vitamins, amino acids and other substances.
If you start eating with proteins, then
they should be in the stomach for 2-3 hours, and
fats - 4-6 hours. Also undesirable
eating plant foods for dessert,
as she is enveloped in mucus and

intermediate products,
formed as a result of digestion
their predecessors. In this case
there is a delay in the passage of food and
fecal masses, the process of their
formation, there is no neutralization
harmful substances and the synthesis of necessary. except
moreover, under the influence of microorganisms
vegetable products begin to ferment with
formation of gases, acetic acid, etc.
In the diet, 60-80% should be
vegetable, mostly raw
products: vegetables, fruits, herbs, various
cereals, porridge soaked in water. Should
try to eat more whole foods
which contains all the necessary elements.

3) The third principle is diet
For each person, the number of meals
should be determined by the characteristics
life activity - both genetically
conditioned and related to
professional activity. Yes, for
a child with a high metabolic rate
substances, more frequent
food intake, as well as people leading
highly active lifestyle
increased levels of gastric secretion,
hyperthyroidism,
suffering from diabetes.
.

And for the elderly, leading inactive
lifestyle, more rare should be recommended
mode of eating. The main criterion
the next meal should be a feeling
hunger.
However, in real life can be difficult to distinguish
hunger from appetite, so it is better to plan the reception
food at a certain time of the day, adding each
of them to a specific condition of life.
3-4 meals a day are considered optimal, with
which breaks between meals should
be 4-5 hours. However, one should also take into account the
consumed food product: for
fruit digestion only takes about 1
hours, vegetables - 4 hours, meat - 6-7 hours.
.

If we combine these recommendations with the daily
the rhythm of working capacity, then breakfast - at 7-8 o'clock,
lunch - 13-14, dinner - at 19-20. Between meals
there must be rules
The main ones are:
-every meal should compensate already
costs incurred, rather than creating a supply of nutrients
substances for future spending.
- it is advisable to distribute the daily ration
as follows: breakfast -25%, second breakfast 15%, lunch-35%, dinner -25%.
With 3 meals a day: for breakfast -30% of the daily
diet, lunch - 45%, for dinner - 25%. Dinner must
be no later than 3 hours before going to bed.
.

Rational organization
life of modern man
. Well-known publicist D.I. Pisarev in the 19th century
wrote: "The efforts of a prudent person
should not be directed towards
repair and caulk your body like
fragile and holey boat, but to ensure that
create such a lifestyle
in which the body is as small as possible
would come to a frustrated position, and
therefore, as little as possible needed
mending."

. Rational organization
life is a system of life
this particular person who
provides him with a high level of health and
well-being in the areas of social,
professional, family and cultural
being.
The Purpose of Rational Organization
life - efficient
use of conservation methods and means
health in specific living conditions for
the most complete implementation
human capabilities in personal and
public areas of activity.

To achieve this goal, it is necessary to decide
the following tasks:
1. Formation, preservation and strengthening
health.
2.Providing a high level of professional
performance.
3.Fully realizing biological and
social functions of a person in family and household
sphere.
4. Achieving an adequate social status through
rationalization of formed healthy
needs and appropriate treatment
vital activity.
5th Education of a high level of valeological
culture and involvement in a healthy lifestyle.
.

The development of civilization is accompanied by all
greater standardization of living conditions,
which a person considers as quite
acceptable, and sees a threat to himself only in
diseases, criminal and social
factors. Modern man is
enslaved standards of living conditions,
to which he must obey, and
spoiled by the availability of pleasure.
As a result, he ceases to be the master of his
life and your health.
Building a rational system
life is long and
time-consuming process., as it suggests.

Accounting for a wide range of factors, conditions in which
the life of this person.
She must take into account
-social factors;
- professional (mode of work, nature of work);
- -family household status;
- - taking into account the level of human culture.
- Features of the organization of life
knowledge worker
- Mental labor refers to activities that
characterized by great mental and emotional
tension with weak muscle activity. To him
include many types of labor, which differ in
organization of the production process,
load distribution and the degree of neuro-emotional tension.

Teacher's work - with high density
interpersonal contacts and the possibility
conflicts when necessary
the planned amount of work in hard
regulated period of time.
The work of pupils and students is associated with the development
new knowledge that requires maintaining a high
level of attention, memory for a long
time.
Intellectual labor in the process of evolution
arose later than the muscular one. The increase in its intensity in
the history of civilization is progressing at such a pace that
development of man as a species does not keep up with these
processes, so that modern man does not
has adequate mechanisms of adaptation to

This is due to two reasons:
1. Volume of information in the world every 10-12 years
doubles and this information man
must master. But his brain for thousands of years
almost did not change. All this requires him
high mental stability,
prolonged nervous tension
sustained attention.
2. 2. In proportion to the growth of mental and
intellectual congestion is reduced
employee's physical activity
mental labor.
3. The most serious negative for
health factors of mental work
is hypodynamia, accompanied

Deterioration of the condition of the heart and blood vessels, disorders
blood pressure, metabolic disorders,
blood circulation, etc.
The specificity of mental labor lies in the fact that even
after the termination of work, thoughts about it do not leave
person long enough. This causes frequent
the development of neuroses that are the cause
occurrence of many diseases.
Labor efficiency is determined by many factors,
a special place among which belongs to the state
performance It depends: 1. On individual
characteristics of the employee;.2. Lifestyle; 3.Physical
readiness; 4. Degrees of mastery of skills by an employee
professional activity; 5. Working conditions
activities; 6. Psychosocial factors: mood,
motivation, well-being, etc.

The performance of a person of mental labor
characterized by regular changes
in time. So, at the beginning of the working day, her
the original value is usually
low. Then, in the course of work,
working in with gradual increase
performance to the optimum level.
The rate of development in children is higher, and in
older people are lower than average people
age. It also depends on the type
temperament: it is higher in a choleric person
compared with the phlegmatic and the sanguine
compared to melancholic.
There are ways to speed up the process:

Morning hygienic gymnastics, physical
exercises, preparation of the workplace, etc.
The second phase is sustainable performance.
Its duration is determined by many
factors - the type of work, its intensity,
motivation, interest, performance conditions
and etc.
Gradually in the course of work begins
develop fatigue is temporary
decreased performance due to
completed work. It represents
body's defense reaction
physiologically associated with development in the CNS
extreme braking. .

It is manifested by a number of external factors,
which are expressed in absent-mindedness, frequent
distractions, fussy hand movements,
lack of interest, apathy, etc. When
significant fatigue a person can
force yourself to do the work, but
as a result of strengthening the transcendental
inhibition in the CNS gradually develops
severe fatigue and further
work becomes
impossible. However, quite often
decreased mental performance

Associated not with fatigue, but with fatigue,
which is a subjective reflection
attitude of the employee to the work performed
work. With uninteresting work, very
extreme braking occurs quickly,
although the amount of work performed may be
not large, i.e. fatigue is ahead
fatigue.
Fatigue is a natural reaction
body for the work done, so
it is not a negative
human condition.

The more significant is
fatigue, the more favorable conditions
recovery must be created.
Health status and dynamics
determined not only by
work done, but also by the ratio
work is rest. Breaking it
ratio due to inadequate rest,
can lead to a state of overwork, prolonged and persistent decline
performance, accompanied
functional disorders in the CNS.

which can subsequently provoke a pathology of the nervous,
cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive systems.
2 Methods and means of providing mental
performance
1. Motor activity performed during
breaks in work, helps to prevent
premature mental fatigue, and
after work - allows you to eliminate redundant
accumulated stress hormones
2. Active rest - physical exercises performed
hourly for 1-1.5 minutes; physical education breaks,
performed for 4-5 minutes in the middle of the 1st and 2nd
half a day. The simplest can be used
gymnastic exercises: at lunchtime
it is desirable to perform several exercises of strength or
speed-strength nature for 5-7 minutes, and after
eating calmly like.
.

.Outside working hours - morning
hygienic gymnastics, exercises for
cerebrovascular training
It has been found that most people
has a specific sequence
changes in working capacity - rhythms. IN
depending on the rise time
subdivided into morning type (larks) and
evening (owls). The larks have cheerfulness and
performance is maintained throughout
working day with maximum
working hours at 10-11 and 17-18 hours,
after which they begin to decline and by 20-21

Hours are low. owls
wake up hard, hard going into work
rhythm. performance gradually
increases in the afternoon and reaches
the highest value by 18-22 hours. This
must be taken into account when planning
your working day.
3. Features of planning and
organization of rational
vital activity

.Based on a mindful approach to organization
of their life activity should lie
clear planning based on
best use
time according to life
installations, individual
features, specificity and mode
professional activities, family
status and subject to
health-saving focus.
Time for a person has a special
importance, so it should be valued and
use as efficiently as possible.

. Therefore, every component of the lifestyle
should be planned according to
lifestyle, priorities,
which man has determined for himself. With such
approach, these planning priorities will
system-forming factor around which
all other conditions will be considered
vital activity. Lack of planning
leads to the fact that any work, if not
defined its time limits,
be postponed and its completion may be
postponed indefinitely.

. In this case, in everyday behavior
emphasis on time management
moved from the main priorities to
secondary, or not conducted at all
time accounting - then the minutes add up
hours, days, from days - years irrationally
lived life. Don't waste time and
strength to negligible. In every given
a person must have some moment
an important matter, but from the content of the plan. But
For this, there must be
goals for a given period of time.

. The goal must be realistic
achievable. To achieve it, you need
define tasks. Then follows each of
tasks to paint according to the content of actions and
set deadlines for each
these types. The next step is
division of all kinds
life depending on
priorities into groups A, B, C. Within each
from groups also need to install
prioritized by importance. First you need
perform the main actions from group A,

as they should provide 80% of success.
If something is not regularly performed from
groups B and C, then these types of work should
exclude. Periodically (daily
in the evening, once a week, a month)
analyze the implementation of the plan.
This will help you get your routine in order.
or life organization.
Every person should have
strategic life goals
implemented tactically, at every given
period of time. Ordered Mode
vital activity

. In accordance with the tasks
leads to the formation of
daily and weekly regularity and
periodicity of alternation of elements
mode. Due to this, the CNS develops
definite sequence system
conditioned reflexes - dynamic
stereotype that makes life itself
more economical and efficient.
Since the life of a person in relation to
mode is not absolutely standard,
so develop mode
life is necessary, taking into account

Uneven load. From this point
view more rational is
weekly mode, in which the main
components of life
repeated with a certain
periodicity.
The main requirement for the regime should
be a regular alternation of periods
work and rest.

The work was done by a student of 8 "B" class MBOU-secondary school No. 1 of the city of Arkadak, Saratov region Maxim Zenoviev Supervisor: Kuznetsova T.V. The impact of physical activity on the human body

“A person who exercises moderately and in a timely manner does not need any treatment.” Arab physician of the Middle Ages Ibn Sina

Goals and objectives: To show the impact of motor activity on human health; Explain the harm of hypodynamia; Point out the negative factors hindering the formation of physical activity.

Motor activity Motor activity affects the preservation and strengthening of human health. Physical exercises increase the overall tone and performance, as well as stimulate the body's defenses - resistance to adverse environmental influences increases, therefore, physiotherapy exercises are widely used in medical practice.

Distribution of muscle activity per day Type of load Goals pursued Morning exercises Awakening. The transition from sleep to wakefulness Dynamic exercises Develop speed, accuracy of movements, strength Statistical loads Teach the body to work with a lack of oxygen, train endurance Physical education lessons Teaching rational movements when running, walking, jumping, working on shells, skiing, skating, etc. Sport Provides a sufficient daily load on the body. Can provide a training effect

Categories of exercise Aerobic exercise increases the supply of oxygen to tissues. These are walking, running, swimming, rowing, dancing, tennis, etc. Strength exercises include strengthening and increasing muscle size. These are push-ups, weight lifting, abdominal exercises. Such exercises slow down aging. Stretching trains the flexibility and mobility of the joints. This is achieved by tilts, turns, rotations.

Hypodynamia With the development of civilization, a person has to expend less muscle effort. This leads to a decrease in motor activity - hypodynamia (from Latin Hypo - under, dynamist - strength). Hypodynamia contributes to: rapid fatigue and disorders in the activity of the nervous system; increasing excess body weight due to fat deposits; increase the risk of diseases of the cardiovascular system and contributes to constant nervous tension; metabolic disorders, which manifests itself in a deterioration in the activity of the digestive system and an increase in the layer of adipose tissue.

The benefits of motor activity Great people of all eras were convinced of the benefits of motor activity. The natural scientist M.V. Lomonosov considered it necessary to “try in every possible way to be in the movement of the body.” The outstanding commander A.V. Suvorov did gymnastics himself, tempered himself and demanded the same from the soldiers. The largest physiologist I.P. Pavlov last days took walks - hiking, cycling and skiing. Under the influence of physical exercises, the structure and activity of all organs and organ systems are improved, efficiency is increased and health is strengthened.

Negative impact The following factors can have a negative impact on the formation of motor activity: Alcohol intake reduces the supply of carbohydrates in the muscles, which leads to a decrease in performance, and endurance deteriorates. When smoking, muscle extensibility changes and intense muscle contractions are accompanied by pain.

Conclusion Little son came to his father And asked the baby: “What is good and what is bad?” If you do exercises, If you eat salad And you don't like chocolate - Then you will find a treasure of health. If you don't want to wash your ears And you don't go to the pool, You're friends with a cigarette - So you won't find health. You need to practice in the mornings and evenings. Wash, temper, boldly engage in sports, Try to be healthy. Each of us needs this!

Svetlana Lipina
Presentation "Motor activity, health and development of the child"

Physical activity, child health and development

One of the most important tasks of our society is the formation of a viable, healthy the rising generation.

What is child health?

The famous physiologist A. G. Sukharev considers child health as a dynamic process of adaptation of the organism to changing environmental conditions. From this definition it follows that health can be built, play, enlarge, not just save.

One of the factors shaping child health, is an physical activity. It is defined as the number of movements that the baby makes during the entire wakefulness.

Scientific studies have convincingly proven the dependence health from physical activity. So among children with disabilities health more than 50% had low motor activity, and 30% lagged behind movement development. It should be noted that physical activity has a positive effect not only on children's health, but also on their common development. Influenced by movements develops emotional, volitional, cognitive sphere of the baby.

Properly organized physical activity contributes to the formation of personality child. The baby develops such important qualities as independence, activity, initiative, courage and reasonable caution are formed. Children acquire in the process motor activities, communication skills with adults and peers, learn to coordinate their actions with the requirements of adults and with the actions of other children. Without movement, not a single type of children's activity can be carried out. (subject, game, elementary labor, etc.).

With the right organization motor activity in the family and preschool child grows and develops according to their age. He has a good appetite, sleep, balanced behavior, positive forms of communication with adults and peers. His activities are varied and age-appropriate.

At our preschool, we make every effort to organize motor activity and personality formation child from the early age/

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Consequences of hypodynamia. The activity of the heart is weakened; The activity of the heart is weakened; Metabolism is disturbed, which, in particular, is manifested by the accumulation of excess body weight; Metabolism is disturbed, which, in particular, is manifested by the accumulation of excess body weight; Degenerates muscle tissue without sufficient exercise (dystrophy); Degenerates muscle tissue without sufficient exercise (dystrophy); The ratio between muscular and mental efforts is disturbed, which leads to excessive excitation of the central nervous system. The ratio between muscular and mental efforts is disturbed, which leads to excessive excitation of the central nervous system.

Influence of hypodynamia on metabolism. Changes in energy metabolism; Changes in calcium metabolism, calcium is washed out of the bones; Bones lose calcium; Bones become loose, less durable; Calcium enters the blood, settles on the walls of blood vessels.

Effect of hypodynamia on the skeleton. The elasticity of the articular cartilage decreases; The elasticity of the articular cartilage decreases; The amplitude of respiratory movements decreases; The amplitude of respiratory movements decreases; During movement, a small amount of joint fluid is released into the joint cavity, which plays the role of a lubricant. A small amount of joint fluid, which plays the role of a lubricant, is released into the joint cavity during movement.

Causes of violation of posture Heredity; Heredity; Sedentary lifestyle; Sedentary lifestyle; Wrong posture when sitting; Wrong posture when sitting; Uneven development of skeletal muscles; Uneven development of skeletal muscles; excessive weight lifting; excessive weight lifting; Wrong shoes. Wrong shoes.

Causes of flat feet. Heredity; Heredity; Incorrectly selected shoes; Incorrectly selected shoes; Prolonged walking or standing; Prolonged walking or standing; Disease of the legs with circulatory disorders. Disease of the legs with circulatory disorders.

Effect of exercise on the nervous system. At physical activity the body produces endomorphins - hormones of joy, which have an analgesic and calming effect. Reduce excess adrenaline and other stress-producing hormones. Contribute to the development of speech, mental performance and mental health.

Delay coronary atherosclerosis Delay coronary atherosclerosis Improves the process of gas exchange in the lungs Improves the process of gas exchange in the lungs Improves the conditions for the accumulation and rational use of energy in the body Improves the conditions for the accumulation and rational expenditure of energy in the body Improves liver function Improves liver function Reduces cholesterol in the blood Reduces cholesterol in the blood Correction of many physical defects of the human body Correction of many physical defects of the human body The effect of systematic physical exercises. exercises