How to take a child from an orphanage. “How to take a child from an orphanage into a family? Do I need to take a child from an orphanage

The decision to take a child into care from an orphanage or from a baby home should be well thought out, you should understand what responsibility you are taking on. If your answer is still yes, you should know all the nuances and pitfalls of this process and find out how to take a child into custody.

Child from orphanage

You have the right to take custody of a child from an orphanage between the ages of 3 and 14. You should know that you should not flatter yourself with illusions that he will immediately be kind and affectionate when he gets into the family. Before you take a child into care, you need to mentally prepare for the period of adaptation, because whatever one may say, for him it will be a change of scenery and habitual way of life. It is especially worth paying attention if the family already has own children, you need to make it clear to your new pupil that everyone in the family is equal and loves him no less than his own child. You also need to remember that it is upbringing that is key, and not the genes of your future pupil.

baby from the orphanage

Children are in the baby home until the age of 3, so if you want to take guardianship over the baby, you should apply there. Before you take custody of a child from a baby home, you should understand that you take responsibility for his future. In some respects, it is easier to take an infant under guardianship, because he is not yet fully aware of the complexity of the situation, and in any case he will reach out to you and consider you parents, so there will be practically no problems with adaptation. But, it is you who needs to understand that serious changes are coming in life, especially if you do not have children of your own and have never come across them closely.

Guardianship of a child from an orphanage

Now it’s worth understanding all the nuances for different family circumstances, since there are significant differences that you need to be aware of.

lonely woman

A single woman can, if she has the proper financial and living conditions necessary for formalizing patronage education of a ward from an orphanage.

Grandma or grandpa

Grandparents have every right to issue custody of a pupil of an orphanage, not only temporary, but also full, since they are close relatives.

Also, it is possible to take custody of a grandson (granddaughter) if the grandmother or grandfather has reached the age of over 60, provided that the parents take the initiative to participate in the upbringing of their children.

With living parents

If there are living parents and provided that they still have parental rights, applicants need the parents to write written consent.

temporary guardianship

Temporary guardianship is issued in the event of:

• If parents for a short period of time cannot be engaged in raising children, having a good reason. In this case, close relatives, most often grandparents, take care of the children.
• If applicants are not completely sure that they want to get full custody.
• If the guardianship authorities want to check for decent housing and financial conditions before the applicant can take it. It should be noted that the requirements for such candidates are more stringent.

requirements for guardians

Not everyone has the right to issue guardianship over a pupil from an orphanage, there are a number of requirements.

A candidate for patronage must meet the following criteria:

• reach the age of 18
• not have financial problems in order to provide for the ward
• have the necessary living conditions
• not have a criminal record that is directed against human life and health
• age limit not more than 60 years

Not considered candidates:

• previously deprived of parental rights
• currently under investigation
• who have served or are serving sentences in places of deprivation of liberty
• were previously guardians, and guardianship was terminated due to their fault
• have serious health problems such as:
  • problems with alcohol and drugs
  • tuberculosis
  • oncology
  • disability group 1
  • mental disorders

Rights and obligations of a guardian

Citizens who decide to change the lives of children from orphanages by taking them under guardianship must be aware of their rights and obligations.

• He has the right to demand from parents, relatives or third parties if his pupil is kept from them without justified reasons.
• Should take care of the upbringing and comprehensive development of the ward.
• Must protect the civil rights and interests of the ward.
• Must provide housing that meets all criteria and standards.
• Has the right to manage the finances of his pupil.
• Has the right to dispose of the pupil's housing (if any).

Payments and benefits in 2018

Payments to guardians are divided into 3 categories:

1. The payment, which is given in cash once after the conclusion of the guardianship agreement, which at the moment amounts to 16,350 rubles
2. An allowance that is paid every month, the amount of which depends on the region of residence. The average is:
   • For pupils under 12 years old - 15 thousand rubles
   • For pupils over 12 years old - 20 thousand rubles
3. Compensation to the guardian (paid monthly):
   • Up to 3 years - 12650 rubles
   • Over 3 years old - 9200 rubles
   • For children with disabilities - 25 thousand rubles

Citizens who have issued patronage over children are also entitled to benefits.

1. Tax benefits:
   • For a ward with disabilities - 6 thousand rubles
   • For one pupil - 1400 rubles
   • For two children - 2800 rubles
   • For three children - 5800 rubles
2. Tax deductions equal to the amount spent on treatment or education of the ward
3. If the ward is disabled:
   • Eligible for 4 extra days off
   • Additionally, compensation is allocated in the amount of 5,500 rubles, which is issued additionally in the Pension Fund

How to take a child into custody

Citizens who have expressed a desire and who have decided to become guardians should seek advice from the guardianship and guardianship authorities. They will explain in detail what next steps should be taken and what documents are required to conclude an agreement to be a guardian.

In the future, you need to take courses and receive a certificate that you are ready to become a guardian. Also, of course, you should visit the orphanage, talk with the future pupil, so that he gets used to the idea that you will be his parent. Over time, it is worth increasing the opportunity to visit the child at least up to 3 times a week.

Where to go

First of all, you need to contact the guardianship and guardianship authorities at the place of residence and registration of the ward. Also, it is worth visiting the clinic and his attending physician to find out about possible health problems.

Required documents

Of course, you should know what documents are needed for custody of a child from an orphanage:

1. The passport
2. Medical health certificate
3. Guardian Course Certificate
4. Certificate of income from work
5. certificate of good conduct
6. Home ownership documents
7. Written permission from spouse and children over ten years of age
8. Copies of personal accounts that indicate the absence of debt for the provision of utilities

Sample Application

Of course, the application of the applicant is the very first and important step towards becoming a full guardian. Therefore, it is very important to know how to draw it correctly and without errors.

Application example:

To guardianship authorities

Rostov region, Azov

Zayarnina Marina Vikotorovna

From Nikulina Alina Viktorovna

living at the address: Azov, Kommunalnaya st., 16, apt. 156

Passport: 4507691152, issued on 06/29/2009 by the Bazhanovsky Department of Internal Affairs of the city of Azov

Application for custody of a child

I, Alina Viktorovna Nikulina, born on 09/12/1987, ask you to register me as a candidate and give an opinion on the possibility of being a guardian. Financial opportunities, living conditions and state of health allow me to take under. In parental rights, the court was not limited and was not deprived, she was not removed from the duties of a guardian.

I work as an English teacher at secondary school No. 17 on a full-time basis. My work is close to home, does not require business trips and long hours outside of school hours. Working hours from Monday to Friday, from 8.00 to 15.00. Spouse Nikulin Vadim Konstantinovich, works in the Bazhanovsky Department of Internal Affairs of the city of Azov as a senior investigator. I live permanently in a separate three-room apartment, which belongs to me. Housing has been privatized. The total area is 80 square meters. meters, of which 70 sq. meters are residential.

Living with me:

Husband: Nikulin Vadim Konstantinovich 04/17/1875

Son: Nikulin Zakhar Vadimovich 12.12. 2013

Additionally, I can say the following about myself

Relatives who live nearby can provide assistance with the necessary assistance with the child. Also, I have experience in kindergarten, I find a common language with young children well.

Date 01/12/2018 Nikulina Alina Viktorovna (signature)

The spouse does not object to the adoption of the child under guardianship.

Date Nikulin Vadim Konstantinovich (signature)

Of course, taking a child from an orphanage into custody is a very difficult and time-consuming task, but it is worth the grateful look and hope for a happy future that the child will receive. So be patient, because the end justifies the means.

Legislative regulation

• Federal Law of June 24, 1999 N 120-FZ "On the fundamentals of the system for the prevention of neglect and juvenile delinquency"
• Federal Law "On Basic Guarantees of the Rights of the Child in the Russian Federation"
• Federal Law of December 21, 1996 N 159-FZ "On additional guarantees for the social protection of orphans and children left without parental care"
• Federal law "On the state data bank on children left without parental care"
• Part 2 Art. 11 of the Federal Law "On guardianship and guardianship", fixing the need for the consent of a person to assign the status of a guardian or trustee, duplicates the provisions of paragraph 3 of Art. 35 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation
• The rights and obligations of guardians and trustees are enshrined in Art. 15 of the Federal Law "On guardianship and guardianship", in Art. 148 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation, part of the duties of a guardian and trustee, in addition, is contained in the text of Art. 36 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation
• The legal basis for the disposal of the property of the ward is enshrined in Art. 19 of the Federal Law "On guardianship and guardianship" and in Art. 37 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation
• Trust management of the property of the ward is devoted to Art. 38 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and Art. 23 of the Federal Law "On guardianship and guardianship"
• Decree of the Russian Federation N 275 of March 29, 2000

"Acceptance" - this is how the families who took the child from the orphanage say about their decision. Until recently, there were few such families, and those who decided to adopt a child were looked at with surprise and alarm. Fortunately, the situation is changing, and adoption becomes as natural a way for a baby to appear in a family as birth. However, the decision to “take a new member of the family” is not always easy, and it is most often the wife who initiates it. And what about the husband? How is this decision given to him and what does he feel after? We talked about this with experienced foster dads.

Father Sergei, son Daniel (2 years and 7 months):

“Love is everyday work and work”

Danya was taken home when he was 1 year and 7 months old. My wife and I talked about the possibility of taking a child from an orphanage for a long time. At first, to be honest, I was afraid of genetics. And then I read a lot of stories about how children change for the better when they start living in a family, I looked at photos of such children "before" and "after" and calmed down. However, we decided that we would take the child from the orphanage after we give birth together. But man proposes and God disposes.

Over the next nine years, giving birth to a consanguine did not work out, and in 2017 we decided that we would not delay any longer. After all, there are a lot of children: here they are, ready, in need of mom and dad, just take and love.

But do not expect that love for the baby should come immediately.

It happens to someone: a strong feeling at first sight, a photograph or from the first meeting, but more often love appears over time. To love is a verb. Love is everyday work and work.

At the first meeting with Danya, I was not there. My wife did all the paperwork for herself, and she showed me his photo. I was touched. After 10 days we were able to take him home. He was so tiny for his age, almost weightless. He was scared, but he didn't cry. I got used to it immediately, as to my own, the word "adaptation" did not touch me.

My son, of course, had an adaptation and for the most part ended only three months after his arrival home. Then, over the course of 5 months, kickbacks occasionally occurred: he returned to the state in which he came to us - he went into himself, “hung”, pulled his hair and eyelashes, pinched himself monotonously, sucked his thumb strongly. We solved the problem with the finger in a week: we began to put on pajamas with long sewn-in sleeves, and he weaned himself from the bad habit.

The whole burden of the son's adaptation fell on the shoulders of his wife, she was with Danya around the clock, and I was at work during the day. We decided not to take him to kindergarten, so as not to return him to the System, from which we had recently taken him. He needed his mother's love, home comfort.

We did not go to entertainment centers, dosed out emotions, walked where there were few people, in the first month we did not even let grandparents visit.

Danya began to trust us, a real attachment to his parents was formed - a necessary feeling for a child. Now we can say with confidence that the restrictions we introduced for the first time were for the good.

When they found out at work that we had an adopted son, some twisted their fingers to their temples, others shook hands. And I was really happy that I was a father ... twice. I adopted my wife's daughter from my first marriage as my own when she was 8 months old. That is, I have no blood children. During the treatment for infertility, we were advised a lot, for example, to change partners. But we chose each other once and for all, we are a family, a team.

We are very pleased with our decision, our son and have never regretted our action. I would like to wish all future adoptive parents: read, read a lot. I highly recommend the books by Lyudmila Petranovskaya "Secret Support" and "Child of Two Families". Go to the School of Adoptive Parents, it does not oblige you to anything, but it helps to erase the stereotypes and fears of adoption that have remained since Soviet times.

Children from the orphanage are not second-class, not outcasts, they are exactly the same children, ordinary, only traumatized from a lack of love.

One of the adoptive mothers, who blogs on Instagram under the nickname @n_mirs, also shares stories of adoptive fathers whom she managed to meet. One such story is below.

Papa Vladimir, sons Andrey (5 years old) and Victor (3 years old), in the family for 2 years:

“You need to clear your head of prejudices like “genes for prostitution and alcoholism””

Once upon a time, my wife and I talked about how good it is to have a big family and that we should take a child from an orphanage in addition to our three or four. We decided that it would be right from the point of view of the development of the family and family relations. It was the usual conversation that started our story.

Did I have fears? Probably, I was a little afraid that in the shelter not everyone would tell us about the health of the baby. But I'm not sure that this can be called fear. Rather, I was not afraid of anything, by that time we had already made a decision and I worked hard on the arrangement of the house and the nursery. However, we knew right away that until we pulled a disabled child, we listened and read a lot about childhood illnesses, accumulated information.

When I saw our boys for the first time, I thought: funny guys. Andrey was cheerful, jumped on the bed and fought with children, there was diathesis on his cheeks, cotton wool from otitis media in his ears, and a trace on his neck as if from a cigarette burn. Vitka was dissatisfied, curious and chubby. We had no doubts that we would take them.

At home, adaptation began.

The first months were difficult and reminded me of the first months of my natural son's life from my first marriage: sleepless nights, baby crying, diapers, nerves.

It turned out that the same thing happens with small foster children, only in a more concentrated form: here for two years. At first, the kids are in a stupor: they cannot understand why they are here and whether these adults can be trusted. Then comes a series of conflicts, because it turns out that at home everything is not the same as in the institution, the rules are different, during this period the children test their parents for strength and evaluate the limits of what is permitted.

In addition to all this, we also had to treat the sores with which the children left the orphanage. After that, there is a lull: everyone got used to each other, life became clear, but kickbacks in behavior still sometimes happened. The first year was not boring.

First of all, you should be aware that the procedure and conditions for the transfer of children for temporary stay are regulated by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 19, 2009 No. 432 “On the temporary transfer of children in organizations for orphans and children left without parental care to families of citizens permanently residing on the territory of the Russian Federation. It is worth reading this document carefully if you intend to adopt a child, since everything is described in detail there. Now let's try to understand the main points of this process.

Who can accept a child for "guest mode"

The requirements for obtaining an opinion on the possibility of a temporary stay of a child largely coincide with the requirements for adoptive parents and guardians. So, “temporary transfer of children is carried out in families of adult citizens permanently residing on the territory of the Russian Federation, with the exception of:

a) persons recognized by the court as incapable or partially capable;

b) persons deprived by court of parental rights or limited in parental rights;

c) former adoptive parents, if the adoption is canceled by the court due to their fault;

d) persons removed from the duties of a guardian (custodian) for improper performance of the duties assigned to him by law;

e) persons who have or had a criminal record, are or have been subjected to criminal prosecution (with the exception of persons whose criminal prosecution has been terminated on rehabilitating grounds) for crimes against life and health, freedom, honor and dignity of a person (with the exception of illegal placement in a psychiatric hospital , slander and insult), sexual inviolability and sexual freedom of the individual, against the family and minors, public health and public morality, against public safety, as well as persons who have an unexpunged or outstanding conviction for grave or especially grave crimes;

f) persons with open infectious diseases or mental illnesses, drug addicts, substance abuse, alcoholism;

g) persons who do not have a permanent place of residence on the territory of the Russian Federation”.

What documents do you need to provide

You must provide the following documents to the guardianship authorities at your place of residence:

• Application (according to the form approved by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation)
• a copy of your passport or other identity document
• a certificate from the internal affairs bodies confirming the absence of a criminal record preventing the adoption of a child into a family (they are indicated in paragraph " d" in the previous section). This certificate is valid for 1 year.
• a certificate from a medical institution stating that there are no diseases listed in paragraph " e» of the previous section, or a medical report in the form 164 / y-96 (this is a medical report of a person who wants to adopt, take custody / guardianship of a child or become a foster parent). The certificate is valid for 6 months, after which it must be renewed.

In addition to the above documents, you have the right to provide “other documents indicating that he has the necessary knowledge and skills in raising children, including documents on education, professional activity, completion of training programs for candidates for guardians or trustees”(According to the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 19, 2009 No. 432).

Further during 5 working days employees of the guardianship authorities must check the documents provided, inspect your housing and draw up a conclusion on the possibility of temporary transfer of the child, which is valid for 2 years from the date of its signing, or issue a written refusal indicating the reasons.

A small addition: if, according to the results of the housing survey, it is found not suitable for the child to live, you will have the opportunity to take the child for a while (without overnight stays), or go on vacation together.

Documents collected, conclusion received, what's next

Now you need to contact the administration of the orphanage, providing them with the following documents:

a) an application for the temporary transfer of a child (in free form);

b) a copy of a passport or other identity document (with the presentation of the original);

c) the conclusion of the guardianship and guardianship authority at the place of residence of the citizen on the possibility of temporarily transferring the child to the family (or the conclusion on the possibility of being an adoptive parent or guardian);

d) written consent of cohabiting adults, as well as children over 10 years old.

When making a decision, the administration of a children's institution must take into account many factors: the desire of the child himself (the wishes of a child over 10 years old can be written by him himself); the relationship between you, the child and other family members; if a child has brothers and/or sisters in the same orphanage, everyone should be taken to visit; as well as the ethnic origin of the child (the possibility of ensuring continuity in language, culture and religion in accordance with its origin).

This decision must be made within 7 days from the date of submission of documents to the administration of the orphanage. With a positive decision, an order is issued by the head of the children's institution, with which you must be familiarized with signature.

A negative decision is also made in writing, indicating the reasons for the refusal.

What documents will be issued to you for the duration of the child's stay in your family

Upon temporary transfer of a child, the following documents are issued:

a) a copy of the order on the temporary transfer of the child (children) to the family of a citizen, certified by the head of the organization for orphans and children left without parental care;

b) a copy of the child's birth certificate, certified in accordance with the procedure established by law, or a passport of a child who has reached 14 years of age;

c) a copy of the compulsory medical insurance policy of the child (children);

d) copies of other documents required by the child (children) during the period of his temporary stay in the family of a citizen.

Also, in accordance with the regulations of the region where the child lives, you will be given products or funds for their purchase for the period of the child's stay in the guest family.

Which children are suitable for guest mode

Well, now about who can and should be taken into the family temporarily.

Let's start with those who not worth taking on weekends or holidays: usually experts do not advise taking children under adolescence. Firstly, they very quickly begin to consider any house they are invited to as their own, especially if they spent the night there. And of course, at this age they especially want to have a mom and dad, so no matter how you explain that they are in the family temporarily, they are simply not able to understand this and will wait for you and repeated "guests", otherwise and crying to cling to the door jambs. Still, such temporary residence is much less useful than helping to find a permanent family for a child.

There are situations when even small children need a temporary family, for example, when a permanent family has already been found, but cannot take the child right away. In this case, in order to avoid waiting in the orphanage, specialists decide that the child needs a temporary family. But this is possible only when accompanied by specialists who constantly work with these children and, of course, requires special training and a high degree of awareness from such “temporary” parents, whose task is to become a “transit point” to a permanent family. Our children really need such professional foster families, but so far the institution of a professional family in our country is in its infancy.

Why does a teenager need a temporary stay in the family

Children over the age of 10 have little chance of becoming a permanent family compared to young children. But they really need the experience of living "in the wild", and not in a state institution. After leaving the orphanage, children do not know the basic things that would be natural for them if they lived in a family. In the overwhelming majority of cases, upon leaving the orphanage, 15-18-year-old children cannot live independently, cannot enter further studies, create a permanent family and raise their children. The habit of living on everything ready, the expectation that sponsors will give them expensive things for the holidays, the lack of a family model in front of their eyes prevent children from adapting when they, like under a cold shower, fall from an orphanage into real life.

Therefore, it is so useful for teenage children to be in a real family: go shopping with adults, see the relationship between parents and children, live the everyday life of an ordinary family. For them, this will be an invaluable experience that will help them adapt in adulthood.

And of course, it also happens that taking the child to visit, the parents do not want to give it back, and the child himself fits so well into the family that a temporary stay turns into a permanent one. That is, the child is adopted or taken under guardianship.

You can learn more about how to adopt a child in a family in our .

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Most people want to fulfill themselves as parents. But if for some reason this is not possible in a natural way, You can take a child from an orphanage for adoption.

Search for a child in the database: where to get information about children in need of a family

Data on children in need of a family is available in the regional database or in the PLO at the location of the specifically chosen orphanage.

Based on the opinion issued prospective adoptive parents will be given access to a database with photos, where you can choose one or more applicants from children with whom you can get a date and chat, try to find common ground.

The database will contain information about the presence of relatives, about the relationship of the baby with them. There will also be marks on whether someone has chosen this child and is engaged in registration. All questions can be clarified with the PLO employee.

A candidate for parents will be able to meet with only one of the children; a date with several pupils at the same time is undesirable and therefore impossible. It happens that contact is immediately established and the issue of choice is practically resolved, and many want to see everyone they have looked after, and only then make the final choice.

If the applicant for the role of an adoptive parent did not appear at the appointed time to meet with the baby twice, he is removed from the selection process as an unreliable and irresponsible person, if there are no objective reasons that prevented him from coming to the meeting.

After receiving permission for adoption from guardianship and guardianship, three months are allotted for the choice of the baby.

What documents are needed to take the baby?

Once the choice has been made, it is possible to go to court with an application containing a request for a decision on adoption. Representation of guardianship and guardianship in the judicial process is mandatory.

Here is a list of papers, without which the process is not real:

• certificate of employment(about the position in which the future parent is registered and income);
• medical examination results on the subject of the general condition of the body;
• document of no criminal record;
• confirmation of the sanitary service on the possibility of the child living according to sanitary standards in the living space owned by the future parent;
• , testifying to the ownership of housing;
• upon adoption by one of the four written agreement another;
• when adopted by a family - copy of marriage certificate;
• job description;
• copy of personal account state of payment for utilities(issued by the settlement center or housing department);
• autobiography handwritten or typed;
• the passport as an identity card, and a copy of it.

Now, the consent of the management of the children's institution must be attached to the already collected package of papers

If the child is older than 10 years, then when conducting the adoption process, the court must take into account his wishes.

With a positive outcome of the court, you need to wait until the decision comes into force, and you can take the child home, and then correct the documents in the registry office.

Will there be payments to parents?

From the moment of the court decision and making the necessary adjustments to the passports of the adoptive parents, obtaining a birth certificate for the child with a new surname new parents are eligible to receive appropriate payments.

By the way, if the baby's last name is the one that was in the orphanage, payments must be made. The main condition is the establishment of adoption by the court.

Since the adopted baby is considered to be blood by law, the state is obliged to transfer all payments due to the parents for the child.

Adoption of a child by a single woman

An unmarried woman also has the right to become a mother to a pupil of an orphanage.

A single mother should understand that she will be more closely monitored by the PLO for the following points:

• security material resources;
• are there any helpers in the matter of raising a child, if the mother works;
• who will insure in case of force majeure(illness, the need to leave for a while, etc.);
• with a possible change in the status of a single mother ( if the mother gets married) what the baby can expect.

It is worth remembering that there will be frequent and comprehensive checks by the PLO and other bodies, so that a single woman must muster the courage and patience if she decides to take on the burden of motherhood.

There is no need to think that the attitude towards single mothers is biased, no - guardianship and guardianship workers constantly monitor that the baby is provided not only with care and love, but also with the necessary material wealth.

Judicial practice: what difficulties arise in the process of paperwork?

It is undeniable that it is preferable for a child to live in a family than to share shelter with the same destitute pupils of an orphanage. But practice shows that sometimes it is difficult for the adoptive parent to prove his compliance with all the parameters required by law.

So, the G. family received the approval of the PLO for the possibility of adoption, picked up a girl in the orphanage, with whom they immediately developed very good relations. The girl was 10.5 years old, and her father was invited to the trial.

The father was serving a sentence in prison when, and the daughter was placed in an orphanage. After his release, the father did not take any part in the life of his daughter.

In court, the father began to sob, begging the girl to forgive him and promising to take her away. The child was confused, not knowing what to do. The court did not give permission for the adoption of the girl, and she remained in the orphanage.

The problem here was the right of parents, regardless of their social status, to be present at the court session.

It turned out later that the man does not have a permanent place of work, he lives in the living space of his cohabitant. The child continues to be in a children's institution.

If you are thinking about whether to adopt a child or arrange custody of him, read on.

Often decent, kind-hearted people who have found a little man in an orphanage and want to take a child from an orphanage, cannot overcome the formalities of the adoption law for the simple reason that they have an apartment with walk-through rooms.

This is not allowed (according to the criteria of the guardianship authorities) - the baby must live in a separate room. And the child remains in the dormitory of the children's institution without finding a new family.

But everyone is required to comply with the law, so those who decide to have a daughter or son through the PLO and the court must take into account all their real possibilities. If all the documents are in order, then it is quite possible to become parents by issuing an adoption..

For those who are going adopt a child from an orphanage, we invite you to watch the video and once again answer yourself the questions: “Do you want to adopt a child? Are you sure?":

Of course, almost all couples dream of having their own children, but far from all this dream becomes a reality due to many reasons. Therefore, many of them begin to think about the question of how to adopt a child from an orphanage.

Who can be adopted or adopted

According to the legislation of the Russian Federation, an adopted child can be an orphan from 0 to 18 years old.

A child may be adopted:

• From a previous marriage of a spouse or wife. If there is a desire to take on all the rights and obligations of a full-fledged parent. But you should take care of the consent of the biological father.
• From the baby house. Toddler age 0-3 years.
• From an orphanage, ages 3-18.
• Newborn. The procedure is actually no different from.

Who can become an adoptive parent

Many people want to take an orphan into a family, but not all citizens are given the right to adopt, since there are a number of requirements and nuances that candidates must take into account.

Requirements

There are a number of requirements for a candidate for adoptive parents:

• age at least 18 years old;
• the age difference between the adopter and the adopted child must be at least 16 years (there are exceptions that are considered in court);
• stable financial position;
• privatized housing that meets sanitary and housing standards;
• absence of mental illness;
• absence of serious health problems;
• be fully capable;
• not have alcohol and drug addiction;
• does not have a criminal record for serious crimes and crimes against a person;
• not under investigation.

single mother

A single woman or a single man can also become foster parents, but this procedure, alas, is more complicated. Guardianship authorities are interested in the following questions:

• financial wealth,
• decent living conditions,
• the presence of relatives who can help in case of force majeure,
• possibility of marriage and children.

Foreign citizens

Foreign nationals also have the right to be adoptive parents of Russian children, but there are a number of features of this procedure:

• A candidate for adoption must be in the database, which is closed to foreigners, for at least a year. Only in case of exclusion of all possible options for adopting a baby into a family in the home country, this right is transferred to foreign citizens.
• All documents had to be legalized on the territory of the Russian Federation, otherwise they will be considered invalid.

How to take a child from an orphanage

Now you should figure out step by step what exactly is needed in order to pick up the baby in the family.

Where to go

The adoption process is quite a long and complicated process, so you need to understand how to proceed. First of all, you need to contact the guardianship and guardianship authorities to apply for consideration of you as a candidate for an adoptive parent.

Database

The next step is to select a candidate for adoption from the regional database. This database contains all children from the region of residence of future candidates. They are given the right to meet with one child, if contact does not occur, then the next baby is selected for the meeting. If the candidate does not appear within the specified period, then he is blacklisted, since he is automatically considered unreliable.

Registration procedure

The procedure for adoption in the Russian Federation is as follows:

1. appeal to the bodies of the PLO;
2. writing an application for acceptance of the candidacy of the adoptive parent;
3. selection of a child in the database;
4. collection of necessary documentation;
5. submission of documents to the PLO;
6. receiving a positive response;
7. filing an application with the court;
8. court hearing;
9. announcement of the verdict by the judge;
10. entry into force of the judgment.

Required documents

Of course, you need to know what documents should be prepared for the adoption of an orphan from an orphanage:

1. passport and its notarized copy;
2. Marriage certificate;
3. birth certificate;
4. autobiography;
5. medical certificate confirming the absence of serious diseases;
6. certificate of income from the place of work;
7. certificate of completion of training courses for adoption;
8. certificate of registration of the adoptive parent;
9. documents on the ownership of housing;
10. an act on the conformity of housing with all necessary standards.

Grounds for cancellation

There must be good reasons for canceling an adoption, such as:

• child abuse;
• exceeding parental authority;
• identification of unhealthy cravings for alcohol and drugs.

• blood parents;
• prosecutor;
• PLO representative;
• ward over 14 years old;
• adoptive parents.

Peculiarities of adopting a child from an orphanage

Of course, as in any legal procedure, there are some peculiarities and pitfalls.

Consent to adoption

• Consent to adoption must be written to the adoptee upon reaching 10 years.
• If the husband or wife wants a spouse, consent is also required.
• If only 1 spouse is the adoptive parent in the family, the second spouse must also give his permission.

Application example:

Statement

on consent to the adoption of a child by another spouse

I, Belikova Oksana Viktorovna, born April 18, 1987, living at the address of Sochi, Leninsky district, st. Gradusova, d.17, kv.57 guided by paragraph 1 of Art. 133 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation, I declare my consent to the adoption by my spouse Belikov Vladislav Vasilyevich of the child Kokshin Svyatoslav Mikhailovich, born on March 17, 2012.

However, I do not adopt this child.

Belikova Oksana Viktorovna (signature).

The identity of the applicant has been established, legal capacity has been verified, the signature

Head of the body of guardianship and guardianship at the place of production

adoption of a child

Lyubentseva Veronika Grigorievna (signature).

Also, when adopting a child into a family (if he is under 10 years old), a notarized consent to adoption is required from the birth parents, but some difficulties may arise if:

• parents are missing or deceased;
• incompetent;
• deprived of parental rights.

Determining the last name, first name and patronymic of the child

A change in the surname of the name and patronymic of the baby can occur if the adoptive parents wish to change the birth certificate at the registry office. This procedure implies the secrecy of adoption. But if there is no such desire, the adopted son or daughter can remain in their last name.

Adoption Mystery

The secrecy of adoption is protected by law, the court session is held behind closed doors. Foster parents have the right to change not only the full name. adopted, but even the date of his birth.

Payments and benefits

Adoptive parents have the same rights to social benefits as biological parents.

There are several types of payments for an adopted child:

1. Monthly (during maternity leave). Paid until the adoptee reaches 1.5 years. It is 40% of the monthly salary for the last year. The minimum is 2,576 rubles. If the family has more children, then the amount increases to 5,135 rubles.
2. One-time. It is 15,000 rubles. The amount can change up to 110 thousand if:
   • Adopted with a disability.
   • The adopted child is over 7 years old.
   • Brothers or sisters were adopted at the same time (varies up to 200 thousand).
3. Regional. The supplement depends on where you live.
4. Benefit for children with disabilities. It is 110,775 rubles.

Also, adoptive parents have the right to paid leave from 70 to 110 days, if the baby is under 3 months old and the adoptive parents are working.

Maternal capital

When adopting a baby, adoptive parents are entitled to maternity capital, but waiting for a decision from the PRF takes at least a month, in case of a positive response, a certificate will be issued.

Legislative regulation

Of course, it will take huge physical and psychological costs to adopt a child, but remember, it will pay off for you in full, because giving a child a happy start in life is a noble deed.