Where to apply for maternity benefits. What benefits for pregnancy and childbirth are provided in the Russian Federation and how to get them quickly

All funds calculated for maternity leave are in the nature of prenatal and postnatal payments. Maternity allowance is a kind of financial assistance to a pregnant woman from the state, which is given at a time and is calculated for 140 calendar days of the entire duration of maternity leave. This is provided so that a temporarily disabled citizen of the Russian Federation has money to live on, until she has the opportunity to earn it on her own.

Working Russian mothers can count on the following payments:

a one-time prenatal allowance for pregnant women who have become obligatory registered for pregnancy before 12 weeks;
pregnancy benefit.

Why is it important to register with a government agency?

The earlier a woman is registered for pregnancy, the better for her and for the future baby. This allows you to identify all possible deviations and disorders in the development of the fetus in the early stages, to begin timely treatment. Therefore, early registration for pregnancy is a concern for your future. Many women find that private health centers are more reliable than the regular public antenatal clinics because they charge a fee for seeing pregnant women, which many believe is a guarantee of peace of mind. In this case, you should choose a medical center in which the woman will be entitled to receive an exchange card, as well as to issue a sick leave, on the basis of which she will be able to take maternity leave and receive all prenatal and postnatal benefits.

One-time allowance for early registration for pregnancy

The procedure for receiving this prenatal payment is carried out either by the director of the enterprise where the woman is registered as an employee, or at the place of her education in some educational institution, or at the regional department of social protection, as well as in the social insurance fund in which the employer is registered. There are few documents that are necessary to receive a lump sum payment for early registration for pregnancy. It is enough for a pregnant woman to write an application in any form or fill out a special form according to the model. In addition, she will need a certificate from the relevant medical institution stating that the woman is registered for pregnancy. This certificate must indicate the gestational age at the time of registration.

In 2017, this kind of prenatal payment in Russia is 300 rubles. All pregnant women who register for pregnancy, regardless of whether the woman is working or not, are entitled to this benefit only if the registration occurred before 12 weeks of pregnancy.

Maternity allowance

If a woman works, she is officially registered at her job, in accordance with the norms of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, then she is entitled to all maternity payments, prenatal or postnatal. The typical period of maternity leave is 70 days before delivery. The main reason for obtaining this leave is a sick leave, which is issued by a gynecologist who observes a woman during pregnancy. The amount of maternity allowance should be equal to the average monthly salary of a working pregnant woman for the last two years. If these calculations are made in relation to a student of an educational institution, then the size of her scholarship must be taken into account. For unemployed mothers, calculations are made according to the minimum wage in Russia, which in 2017 is 7,800 rubles.

When calculating the average earnings of a pregnant woman, the employer must take into account not only wages, but also all additional official payments, for example, all kinds of bonuses, but only if the employer also paid insurance premiums to the state from these payments. If a woman took sick leave during her two-year period of work, then this should also be taken into account when calculating maternity payments, prenatal or postnatal, because, as a rule, these days are deducted.

Nevertheless, no matter how maximum maternity payments were, in Russia there is a certain limit, which in the form of a cash payment for pregnancy should not be exceeded. In 2017, the limit for the amount of prenatal payment is 750 thousand rubles.

A woman must receive a maternity payment no later than two weeks from the date of registration of the sick leave.

Who is eligible for the allowance?

The following groups of women can receive a cash payment:

Subject to compulsory insurance upon establishing the fact that the expectant mother is temporarily disabled due to pregnancy. The same applies to those women who are part of the ascriptive staff of Russian military units located abroad.
Passing military service under the contract.
who are studying in educational institutions.
Dismissed from work in connection with the liquidation of the organization, or with the completion of the practice of private entrepreneurship and for other reasons.

Required documents

What documents are needed for prenatal payments (maternity allowance)? The list is as follows:

an application that must contain a request for the appointment of a monetary payment to her in connection with her maternity leave;
identity documents;
a certificate from the medical organization in which the woman was registered for pregnancy;
an extract from the work book, which contains information about the last place of work;
a certificate received from the social protection authority stating that the woman had not previously received this allowance.

Maximum payouts - what are the conditions?

In order for maternity payments (prenatal or postnatal) to be maximum, you need to:

So that at the time of maternity leave a woman has worked in the organization for at least two years. There will be nothing wrong if she changed several jobs at the same time, however, it is desirable that these two years be work experience with the same employer. Only if there were several employers, it will be necessary to collect more certificates and documents than usual. Maternity payments will be less if a woman has officially worked for less than two years.
To have "white" wages. In such cases, all the necessary insurance payments by the employer towards the state are paid in full, therefore, the state will pay the pregnant woman as much as possible all the money due to her by law.

Payments for unemployed women

Prenatal benefits for employees are provided at the place of employment. If we are talking about those women who are recognized as unemployed in connection with the fact of the liquidation of the enterprise, due to the loss of their license to carry out entrepreneurial activities, then they must acquire the status of unemployed for a period of 12 months and receive unemployment benefits determined by the law of the Russian Federation. The registration of this status is carried out by the district departments of employment services.

Antenatal payments to non-working women are guaranteed by art. 38 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, as well as Art. 1 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation. These regulations state that not only those future mothers and fathers who have been laid off, but other relatives who provide the necessary care for the newborn, are entitled to receive assistance from the state. But here we are talking about the cash payment that is provided in connection with childbirth.

Additional conditions for receiving prenatal benefits (maternity benefits):

the woman was dismissed during maternity leave (since the day she went on this leave, benefits should be paid monthly);
dismissed during the period of leave to care for young children (in this case, the allowance is paid monthly from the moment of leaving on leave);
dismissed during pregnancy (the allowance is paid monthly as an unemployed mother from the moment the child is born).

In all these cases, the unemployed mother receives payments until her child is one and a half years old.

To date, the size of the lump-sum allowance in connection with childbirth is about 16 thousand rubles, and the monthly allowance for caring for a baby is about 3 thousand rubles.

If during maternity leave a woman is dismissed from her place of work, then in this case additional benefits are provided for her:

The allowance, the amount of which is 40% of the average monthly salary for two years of continuous service for each of the children.
For medical registration during early pregnancy.
Pregnancy benefit.

In 2017, these payments are (approximately):

for dismissed women during maternity leave - about 35 thousand rubles (for normal childbirth), about 39 thousand rubles (for complications during childbirth), about 48 thousand rubles (for multiple pregnancies);
when a woman is recognized as unemployed - about 35 thousand rubles (for ordinary childbirth), about 3 thousand rubles (for vacation 156 days), about 4 thousand rubles (for vacation, which is 194 days).

It is very important to know that all prenatal payments due to expectant mothers in Russia, as well as postnatal payments, are clearly defined by state legislation and are obligatory for payment. If a woman did not have a permanent and official job before giving birth, then she does not receive such payments. The law explains this by the fact that maternity leave is the same as legal sick leave, and the state allowance is a payment on the basis of a sick leave, which a woman is not given only in cases where she does not work anywhere.

The situation of single mothers

Cash benefits for single mothers who do not have a fixed job are paid under the same conditions as women who are married. However, in each region of the Russian Federation, additional incentives or prenatal payments may be established. When they pay and in what order is decided at the legislative level.

Only those women who gave birth to a child out of wedlock, as well as those who became mothers 300 days after breaking off relations with their legal spouse, if his paternity is not established, can be considered single mothers. That's what the law says. Also, single mothers are women who have given birth to children in a legal marriage, but the spouse of such a woman is not the father of her child, or on the basis of a court decision, he was deprived of parental rights.

And the third category of single mothers are women who gave birth or adopted a child and support him on their own. In the birth certificate of such children, as a rule, there is no information about the father. In order to support single mothers, the state provides various benefits in labor, tax and housing areas.

Registration for pregnancy

Today, it is not difficult to choose a clinic in which the expectant mother wants to be observed during pregnancy. This can be explained by the fact that registration now does not play such a role as before, when a woman had to be registered strictly at the place of residence. The main thing is that the clinic should be reliable in terms of providing qualified medical services, and also have the legal authority to issue all the necessary documents and certificates.

If a woman’s well-being does not cause her any worries, for the first weeks she can be safely observed by a regular general practitioner who, as necessary, will monitor her health, prescribe tests, consult on diet, and talk about some restrictions in the field of physical activity and much more. If a woman has the opportunity to register with an obstetrician-gynecologist during early pregnancy, then this will be the most correct decision for her, because this is not only taking care of the health of the child and her own, but also receiving certain social benefits. The state, as you can see, makes sure that the demographic situation in the country is prosperous, and women who take their interesting situation with full responsibility receive financial incentives.

This one-time payment is not that big, but it can be spent on the preparation of the necessary documents for registration, as well as on any minimum needs of a pregnant woman, even if it is a couple of kilograms of her favorite fruit - the benefits are obvious here.

During pregnancy in the early stages, all the vital systems of the body of the unborn child are formed, the laying and development of organs, the musculoskeletal system is underway, which is why it is so important to register on time. In addition, in cases where the expectant mother did not plan pregnancy at all, led an unhealthy lifestyle, she needs specialist advice as soon as possible, since such women are always at risk. Every pregnant woman should know and understand that registration is a guarantee of the health of not only herself, but also the child, and this is not done for formality, but in order to prevent and eliminate possible problems and their consequences in time. Parents themselves are always responsible for the health of their children.

What is required for pregnancy registration?

For registration, a pregnant woman has the right to contact any antenatal clinic, in which they must conduct an examination, as well as provide all the information she needs. In addition, a woman registering for pregnancy has the right to independently choose a doctor who will observe her.

In many antenatal clinics, women are asked to donate a certain amount of money in the form of a charitable contribution to this institution. Often this amount fluctuates around 1 thousand rubles, but no one forces you to donate this money, because this contribution is not official, so a woman can make it voluntarily or refuse to contribute.

When registering, a pregnant woman must take with her identification documents, as well as a medical card from the clinic where she previously underwent any examinations. This is necessary so that the obstetrician-gynecologist, who will monitor the health of a woman throughout pregnancy, can take into account all the features of her body and the diseases that she suffers from. This will help reduce the risk of complications during pregnancy and the birth itself.

In addition, the doctor must provide the patient with an “Individual Card of a Pregnant Woman”, which she must fill out and enter into it all the basic information about past illnesses, current diseases, as well as the presence or absence of various allergies, diseases that were observed in her family capable of being hereditary.

After registration, the obstetrician-gynecologist issues to the pregnant woman the so-called "Exchange card", which is a document. It is made in the form of a journal, which contains information about a woman taking tests, passing examinations related to pregnancy, and much more. The patient must carry this document with her to each appointment with the doctor, and also carry it with her in case of emergency.

When registering, an obstetrician-gynecologist determines the physical condition of a pregnant woman and gives an opinion on whether she can continue to work, what loads may be acceptable for her.

Maternity leave, established by the state for pregnant women, begins on the 30th week of the term. However, in cases where there are additional health risks, if a woman works in hazardous production conditions, then the attending physician may issue a document for the woman to leave on maternity leave earlier than this period. Early maternity leave can be paid or unpaid. Also, the employer can transfer her to another place of work.

When registering, the doctor prescribes to the woman all the necessary examinations, a schedule for testing, and also issues referrals to other specialists - to an endocrinologist, dentist, therapist, infectious disease specialist. In addition, the gynecologist is obliged to conduct a general examination, check blood pressure, the condition of the mucous membranes, mammary glands, measure height and weight. The father of the child must also undergo some examinations, which include fluorography and a blood test to determine the group.

In the second trimester of pregnancy, a woman is required to issue a birth certificate, as well as all documents that confirm her right to go on maternity leave, receive payments due to her in connection with pregnancy and childbirth.

If during pregnancy a woman changes her place of residence, then she must be given all the documents available to the doctor to transfer the pregnant woman to another clinic for observation.

List of documents required for registration:

the passport;
SNILS;
medical policy.

When a woman is thirty weeks pregnant (twenty-eight weeks with multiple pregnancies), she needs to apply to the medical institution in which she is registered for a sick leave (sick leave). This condition is relevant for working women. The sheet must be presented to your employer, who is obliged to pay benefits within ten days.

The procedure for calculating maternity benefits in 2019 will remain unchanged, the same as last year - based on the average earnings for 2 calendar years, but taking into account the new limits (limit values of the base for calculating insurance contributions to the Social Insurance Fund). The maternity benefit is paid for the period of maternity leave.

Calculation of maternity benefits in 2019

For working women, the maternity allowance is set at the rate of average earnings. The average earnings include all types of payments and other remuneration for which insurance premiums were accrued to the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation for the period from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018 inclusive.

What amounts are included in the calculation, what is taken in the numerator? This is your salary, bonuses, vacation pay, financial assistance over 4,000 rubles, travel allowance, compensation for unused vacation, etc.

What is NOT included? Non-contributory payments - sick leave payments, benefits, payments at the birth of a child not more than 50,000 rubles, financial assistance less than 4,000 rubles, etc.

At the same time, the average earnings (SZ) for each year are taken into account in an amount not exceeding the maximum base for calculating insurance premiums to the Social Insurance Fund:

for 2018 - 815,000 rubles.
for 2017 - 755,000 rubles.
for 2016 - 718,000 rubles.
for 2015 - 670,000 rubles.
for 2014 - 624,000 rubles.
for 2013 - 568,000 rubles.
for 2012 - 512,000 rubles.
for 2011 - 463,000 rubles.
for all previous years, until 2011, this amount is 415,000 rubles.

If the total earnings for the year exceed the limit value, then the calculation is limited to the specified sum insured. For example, income for 2017 amounted to 760,000 rubles, which is more than the established value, so the amount of 755,000 rubles will be taken into account.

To determine the average daily earnings (SDZ) for calculating the maternity benefit, it is necessary to take the accrued earnings on which insurance premiums were calculated two calendar years, up to the year of maternity leave. So, if the vacation occurs in 2019, then the period from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018 is taken into account, that is, all of 2017 and all of 2018. Earnings received in 2019 will not be included in the calculation of maternity leave.

The amount of earnings for 2 years when calculating the maternity benefit in 2019 must be divided by the number of calendar days in this period (calendar days for 2017 and 2018 are 730), with the exception of calendar days falling on excluded periods.

Excluded periods. When calculating benefits for pregnancy and childbirth, an exception is provided for calendar days falling on the following periods:

periods of temporary disability, maternity leave, parental leave;
the period of release from work with the preservation (in whole or in part) of earnings, if insurance premiums were not charged on it.

Important! If a woman in the billing period took a vacation without pay (vacation at her own expense), then such days are NOT excluded from the billing period.

Thus, the denominator for calculating benefits may include days from 1 to 730(365 days in 2017 + 365 days in 2018). This number can also be 732 if a woman takes two leap years to calculate maternity payments (replace, for example, 2017 with leap year 2012, and 2018 with leap year 2016).

Ability to replace years with earlier ones

When calculating benefits for pregnancy and childbirth, a woman has the right to replace the year (s) with any previous ones. If in two calendar years immediately preceding the year of maternity leave, or in one of the indicated years, a woman was on maternity leave and/or parental leave, the corresponding calendar years (calendar year), upon her application, may be replaced for the purpose of calculating average earnings by the previous calendar years (calendar year), provided that this will lead to an increase in the amount.

For example, if in 2017-2018 at least part of the time falls on maternity and (or) parental leave, then a woman can write an application to include one and / or two earlier years in the calculation, for example, 2015-2016 .

How to calculate maternity benefits yourself

Algorithm for calculating benefits for women who go on maternity leave in 2019: SDZ = (SZ_2018 + SZ_2017) / (730 - ) * 140.

It is necessary to calculate the amount of accruals subject to contributions to the FSS for the two calendar years preceding the year of the BiR vacation (that is, for 2017 (from January 1 to December 31, 2017) and 2018 (from January 1 to December 31, 2018)).
Average earnings for each year are taken into account in an amount not exceeding the maximum value of the base for calculating insurance premiums in the FSS - 755 000 (2017) and 815 000 (2018) rubles.
The data obtained are summed up and divided by 730 minus the exclusion periods. SDZ = (SZ_2017 + SZ_2018) / 730 minus excluded calendar days.
The value of the average daily earnings (SDZ) is legally limited. The allowable maximum SDZ is defined as the sum of the marginal base for each year divided by 730. In 2019 SDZ max \u003d (815000 + 755000) / 730 \u003d 2150.68 rubles. More than this value for the calculation of benefits can not be taken.
The total amount payable is determined by multiplying the average daily earnings by the number of calendar days on the disability certificate (for example, 140).

Maximum maternity benefit

The maximum maternity benefit in 2019 is 301095.20 rub, based on the maximum SDZ and calendar days on a sick leave: 2150.68 * 140 \u003d 301095.20 rub.

Minimum maternity benefit

The minimum maternity allowance is calculated from the minimum wage (minimum wage) and is paid to a woman who has worked for less than 2 years with low wages or had no earnings during this period.

Minimum allowance for pregnancy and childbirth from January 1, 2019 is 51 919 rubles 00 kopecks., since the minimum wage has been increased to 11,280 rubles per month since January 1, 2019.

Calculation of the minimum benefit: (11,280 * 24) / 730 = 370.85 rubles * 140 days = 51,919.00 rubles.

If a woman has an insurance period of less than 6 months, then the allowance is paid in an amount not exceeding the minimum wage for a calendar month, and in areas and localities in which district wage coefficients are applied in the prescribed manner, this allowance is paid taking into account the district coefficient.

An example of calculating maternity benefits for self-calculation based on average earnings

Option 1. From January 17, 2019, a woman has a maternity leave of 140 calendar days. The average salary is 45,000 rubles. The calculation of the allowance must be made for 2 calendar years preceding the year in which the maternity leave falls. The billing period will be 2017 and 2018. For the specified period, the payments taken into account amounted to: for 2017 - 535,000 rubles. and for 2018 - 547,000 rubles. During the work, the woman did not take vacation at her own expense and did not take sick leave. The amounts do not exceed the marginal base. Therefore, the payment for BiR will be: (535,000 + 547,000) / 730 * 140 = 207,506.60 rubles.

Option 2. Let's take the conditions when a woman in 2017 was ill for 22 days, and in 2018 she took 14 days of vacation at her own expense. Numerator: 530,000 + 505,000 = 1,075,000 Denominator: 730 minus 22 = 708 (days at own expense are not excluded). The B&D allowance will be: (530,000 + 505,000) / 708 * 140 = 204,660.40 rubles.

Option 3. A woman's earnings for each year amounted to more than the marginal base for calculating insurance premiums. In 2017, the salary was 65,000, in 2018 the average earnings increased to 70,000. There were no excluded periods. To calculate the maternity allowance, we take the maximum base value: SDZ = (755,000 + 815,000) / 730 * 140 The BiR allowance will amount to the maximum payment: 301,095.20 rubles.

Option 4. The woman got a job in September 2016 (this is her first job). The average salary is 45,000 rubles. From December 25, 2018, she has a maternity leave of 140 calendar days. Since the vacation begins in 2018, the billing period will be 2016 and 2017. But the woman does not have a full two years of work. There are no excluded days. Therefore, the B&R benefit will be: (180,000 + 540,000) / 730 * 140 = 138,082.00 rubles. But a woman, having a sick leave in her hands, can write an application for maternity leave later than the date indicated on the disability certificate, for example, from January 1, 2019. And from December 25 to December 31, 2018, it continues to work. In this case, the billing period will be 2017 and 2018, and maternity leave will be reduced by 7 days. Therefore, the amount of payment for BiR will be: (540,000 + 540,000) / 730 * 133 = 196,766.85 rubles.

Documents for maternity benefits

To assign and pay benefits for pregnancy and childbirth, a woman submits the following documents:

certificate of incapacity for work issued by a medical organization in the prescribed form. And it is necessary to do so no later than six months from the end of maternity leave. When applying for benefits for pregnancy and childbirth, after a six-month period, the decision to grant benefits is made by the territorial body of the insurer if there are good reasons for missing the deadline for applying for benefits. Such reasons are: long-term temporary disability of the insured person due to illness or injury lasting more than six months; moving to a place of residence in another settlement, change of place of stay; damage to health or death of a close relative; other reasons recognized as valid in court when the insured persons apply to the court (Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated January 31, 2007 N 74).
certificate (certificates) on the amount of earnings, from which the allowance should be calculated, from the place (places) of work (service, other activity) from another insured(from other insurers), that is, if a woman worked in another organization in the billing period. In the event that the insured person is unable to submit a certificate (certificates) on the amount of earnings from which the allowance should be calculated from the place (s) of work with another insurant (with other insurers) due to the termination of activity by this insurant or for other reasons , the insured who appoints and pays the benefit, at the request of the insured person sends a request to the territorial body of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation on the provision of information about wages, other payments and remunerations of the insured person from the relevant insured (relevant insurers) based on the information of individual (personalized) accounting in the system of compulsory pension insurance. If the insured person on the day of applying for the maternity benefit does not have a certificate (certificates) on the amount of earnings necessary to assign the benefit, this benefit is assigned on the basis of the information and documents submitted by the insured person and available to the insured. After the insured person submits the specified certificate (certificates) on the amount of earnings, the assigned allowance for the entire past time is recalculated, but not more than three years preceding the date of submission of the certificate (certificates) on the amount of earnings(part 2.1 article 15).
if the calculation of the maternity allowance will be made at one of the last places of work at the woman’s choice (one certificate of incapacity for work), then it is necessary to provide a certificate from another insured that the appointment and payment of this allowance by this insurant (employer) is not carried out.

Deadline for claiming maternity benefit

Benefits for pregnancy and childbirth are assigned if they were applied for no later than six months from the end of maternity leave. When applying for maternity benefit, after six months the decision to assign benefits is made by the territorial body of the insurer if there are good reasons for missing the deadline for applying for benefits. Such reasons are: long-term temporary disability of the insured person due to illness or injury lasting more than six months; moving to a place of residence in another settlement, change of place of stay; damage to health or death of a close relative; other reasons recognized as valid in court when the insured persons apply to the court (Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated January 31, 2007 N 74).

Terms of payment of benefits for pregnancy and childbirth

Payment of state benefits for pregnancy and childbirth working women are paid at the expense of the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation.

At the expense of the federal budget, the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, allocated to educational institutions of primary vocational, secondary vocational and higher vocational education for the payment of scholarships in the form of benefits for pregnancy and childbirth, a lump sum allowance for women registered with medical institutions in the early stages of pregnancy - women full-time students in educational institutions of primary vocational, secondary vocational and higher vocational education and institutions of postgraduate vocational education.

The employer assigns the maternity allowance within 10 calendar days from the day the woman applied for it with all the necessary documents. Benefit payment maternity care is carried out by the employer in the nearest after the assignment of benefits, the day set for the payment of wages (Part 1, Article 15, 255-FZ).

Benefit for pregnancy and childbirth on one or more sick leaves

The appointment and payment of benefits for pregnancy and childbirth is carried out by the employer at the place of work of the insured person. The amount of the maternity benefit may not exceed the specified maximum amount of this benefit for each place of work:

If a woman at the time of the maternity leave is employed by several insurers and in the previous two with the same insurers., then the maternity allowance is assigned and paid all places of work(services, other activities) (part 2 of article 13 No. 255-FZ). That is, it is possible to receive benefits for pregnancy and childbirth on several sick leaves (at the main place of work and part-time). At the same time, the allowance is paid by each employer without taking into account earnings from other insurers. In this case, you do not need to provide a certificate of accruals from another insured.
two previous calendar years was occupied from other insurers(another policyholder), maternity allowance is assigned and paid at one of the last jobs at the choice of the insured person (part 2.1 of article 13 No. 255-FZ). In this case, the calculation of sick leave will be made for one sick leave at one place of work, taking into account all income, including the amount of earnings received from another employer. That is, you need to take a certificate of accruals for the previous 2 years. However, in this case, the size of the average daily earnings will be "cut off" by the limit value.
If a woman at the time of the maternity leave is employed by several insurers, and in two previous calendar years was occupied both these and other insurers(another insured), the maternity allowance is assigned and paid either at all places of work based on the average earnings for the time of work with the insured assigning and paying the allowance, or by the insured at one of the last places of work at the choice of the insured person (part 2.2 of Art. .13 No. 255-FZ). That is, a woman has a choice to receive benefits from each employer (each one counts only according to their accruals and with their own restrictions set for each year) or receive benefits at one place of work, taking into account all incomes (for all certificates), but with one restriction limit value.

The maternity allowance (M&R) as of this year is due to women who are insured for this case at their place of service or work. There are no benefits for unemployed women. The exception is those dismissed due to the liquidation of a company or organization. No more than one year must elapse from the date of liquidation. Some other exceptions, as well as how to issue, will be discussed below.

The principle of payment of benefits has not changed when compared with previous years. The money is paid for the full period of the decree, which is most often 140 days. These financial accruals are compensation to a woman for temporary disability before and after childbirth.

According to Russian law, taxes are not deducted from the allowance. This is stated in Article 217 of the Tax Code.

Compensation is guaranteed by the following laws and regulations:

No. 81-FZ of May 19, 1995 “On State Benefits for Citizens with Children” (Articles 6-8);
No. 255-FZ of December 29, 2006 “On compulsory social insurance in case of temporary disability and in connection with motherhood” (ch. 4);
Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development No. 1012n dated December 23, 2009 “On Approval of the Procedure and Conditions for the Appointment and Payment of State Benefits to Citizens with Children”.

Maternity payments in the territory of the Russian Federation can be received not only by citizens of the country, but also by foreigners. However, for this, a woman must have a valid employment contract with one of the Russian employers. If a woman is simply temporarily on Russian territory, she is not entitled to benefits.

Who is eligible for maternity benefit?

The laws of the Russian Federation clearly define the categories of women who, in the event of pregnancy, receive maternity benefits.

Women insured in case of disability:

Those who work according to a formal contract;

Those who work in military institutions of the Russian Federation abroad as civilian personnel.

Non-working women:

Those who lost their positions no more than a year ago due to the liquidation of the organization;

Completed legal practice (notary, lawyer) or the activity of an individual entrepreneur. After the termination of work, no more than one year should also elapse.

Full-time students or women who study in scientific organizations both for a fee and for free.

Employees, working and studying expectant mothers receive benefits at the place of work or study.

Many child benefits can be taken over by the father or the woman who takes direct care of the child. BiR payments are unique in this respect. They can only be received by the biological mother of the child.

In a couple who have adopted a child under 3 months old, the accruals are also due to the mother. If a woman is unemployed, and a man has a job, the payments are still intended for the mother.

Payments to unemployed women were also mentioned above. In such cases, the allowance is usually calculated in the minimum amount. From now on, we will only talk about benefits for working women.

Who pays maternity benefit - FSS or employer

Considering the question of how to apply for maternity benefits: the first thing to do in order to receive benefits is to bring a maternity sick leave to the personnel department. In addition, you must submit an application for payment, which is usually submitted along with an application for maternity leave. During the payments, the employer and the FSS interact, but formally the money still comes from the accounts of the FSS.

If a woman quit, but less than a month has passed since she left the organization, she needs to apply to her old place of work. This rule also applies in the following cases:

if a woman moves to her husband in another place;
if the husband is transferred for work;
if a woman has a disease that does not allow her to work in the local area;
if a woman needs to take care of a disabled person of group I or a sick relative.

Having a permanent job is not a guarantee of receiving maternity benefits. Difficulties may arise in the following situations:

the company is preparing for bankruptcy proceedings;
the company does not have funds in the account;
bank accounts of the organization are arrested;
there is no way to find an employer;
the company closed before the application was submitted.

Women who find themselves in a similar situation are forced to file a lawsuit. Considering pregnancy and childbirth, litigation can be too complicated and expensive, so the law goes hand in hand with mothers. It is also possible to file a lawsuit after the end of the decree, within six months.

If the court decides the situation in favor of the woman, she will be able to receive money directly from the FSS. In some regions, this can be achieved without litigation. To do this, you need to take advantage of the opportunities provided by the Direct Payments project (read about it below).

A woman can apply for benefits from several employers at once. To do this, she must work with them for the past two years.

Project "Direct payments"

Often women have conflicts with employers. The reason is the inability to receive the allowance that they are entitled to by law. In such a situation, the Direct Payments project is intended to become an assistant to mothers. It allows a woman to receive financial contributions directly from the FSS. The project was created in 2011. The list of regions that use it increases on average every six months. As of 2016, the project operated in 20 subjects of the state.

As a rule, the employer transfers all documentation to the Fund independently. If desired, a woman can personally do this. In this case, you need to contact the FSS anyway at the place of registration of the company.

The Direct Payments project is beneficial for everyone. Accounting departments of companies and the FSS itself are exempted from the need to calculate offsets when making payments. A woman can be sure that accruals will come to her regularly and in full.

Money is paid to a woman exactly for the number of days she was on maternity leave. The period for which the expectant mother can temporarily leave her job varies.

In the case of a normal, uncomplicated pregnancy, this period is 30 weeks.
If the pregnancy is multiple, it decreases - 28 weeks.
If a woman lives in a territory contaminated after the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant or the Mayak plant - 27 weeks.
If childbirth occurs prematurely - 22-30 weeks.

An important point: in order to receive maternity allowance, a woman must apply for it no later than six months after the end of the vacation. Money can be withdrawn after the expiration of the specified period. However, in this case, you should already contact the FSS directly and have a good reason. These include:

fire, any natural disaster, as well as other insurmountable obstacle;
prolonged illness lasting more than six months;
changing of the living place;
dismissal from work, recognized as illegal, which led to absenteeism;
death of a loved one.

The procedure for assigning monetary compensation

The expectant mother needs to start by contacting the antenatal clinic. There she must receive a sick leave. This document indicates the exact dates for going on maternity leave. This sheet is presented either at work or in the Fund.

An application for a decree, as well as an application for cash payments, as a rule, is submitted at the same time. You can do this on almost any convenient day:

On the day that is registered in the sick leave. This practice is the most common. In this case, the money will be credited from the 30th week of pregnancy.
On any day after the one written in the sheet. Women who want to work after the designated date do the same. Vacation days are still taken away, and a woman goes on maternity leave when she decides to do so.
Any day after childbirth. The allowance is accrued from the moment of leaving on maternity leave. The exception is preterm birth. If this happens, the money is paid in full.

If after childbirth a woman has any complications, she is assigned additional payments.

Terms of payment of benefits for pregnancy and childbirth

The legislation determines the timing of the appointment of payments and their accrual.

The allowance is assigned ten days after the application.
The money is credited to the account the next day after that. Accruals come to the woman's regular salary card.

If a woman decides to apply for benefits directly through the FSS, the procedure changes slightly.

The waiting period for an appointment is also 10 days.
After the appointment, the money is transferred by the 26th day of the next month.

Benefit Calculation

When calculating the amount, the average salary for the last two years is taken into account. It is in this amount that the woman will receive the allowance during the decree.

Calculation features:

If a woman officially worked in two organizations or enterprises, she has the right to apply to both places.
If a woman has already been on maternity leave for the last two years, she can replace this inappropriate year with another one.
If a couple adopts a child, they receive payments for the next 70 days after paperwork for him. In the case of twins - 110 days.

What documents do you need to prepare to receive benefits?

As already mentioned, the basis for receiving monetary compensation is a sick leave. It is given to a pregnant woman in consultation. The sheet must be presented to the accounting department of the company where the woman works. You can apply for benefits, but you can’t go on maternity leave.

In addition to the sheet and application, the following documents are required:

Certificate of non-receipt of benefits at the place of registration. Served in the case when the address of the woman's residence and the address of registration are different.
Certificate of earnings 182n. Served in the FSS at the time of registration. In addition, the main employer of a woman receives this document from her additional places of work, if any.
A certificate issued by the employment service, as well as an extract from the work book. These documents confirm the fact that the woman is recognized as unemployed.

It is important to remember that all documents must be up to date. If a woman is married but has submitted documentation that includes her maiden name, her application will be rejected.

Other compensations and payments for pregnancy and childbirth

The regions have their own allowances, which are paid to expectant mothers from the local budget.

In the Chuvash Republic, an additional allowance is due to disabled people of groups 1-2, unemployed women, as well as university graduates. The amount of the monthly payment is 326 rubles. It is issued from the 12th week of pregnancy.
In the Volgograd region, 500 rubles are due monthly to a pregnant woman living in a poor family.
In some subjects there are surcharges "for food". For example, in the Ulyanovsk region this allowance is 566 rubles, in Tomsk - 300, Penza - 550.

Each employer has the right to allocate additional financial assistance to a pregnant woman. However, personal income tax (tax) will already be deducted from such transfers. An exception is payments that are made out as material assistance. Their amount should not exceed 50 thousand rubles.

Features of payments to different categories of citizens

How to get benefits for a non-working woman?

They can also count on monetary compensation. True, not all. If a woman quit her job and joined the labor exchange, then she is entitled to payments before the decree.

You can only register up to a certain period: 30 weeks.

Documents for registration at the labor exchange:

Employment book (if available).
Education documents.
SNILS.
Certificate of availability of a current account.

The amount of the allowance will depend on the length of service, if a woman has not worked for a long time, then the payments will be minimal.

How to get maternity leave for individual entrepreneurs?

Individual entrepreneurs do not belong to the group of socially insured persons. For this reason, they are not provided with cash payments for pregnancy and childbirth.

Entrepreneurs may, at their own request, join the compulsory insurance system.

To this end, he provides a package of documents to the FSS department:

Identity document.
Constituent documents (certificate of state registration, certificate of registration with the tax authority).
License (if any).
Additional documents related to the activities of the IP.

From the moment of entry, the entrepreneur undertakes to pay annual fees according to the existing tariffs.

When contacting the FSS:

the passport;
application of the established form;
work book (certified extract);
a document confirming the status of unemployed (in case of bankruptcy, liquidation of the employer);
medical certificate of the established form (for students and employees);

When receiving funds from the employer:

statement;
certificate from a medical institution (disability certificate);

For social security authorities:

the passport;
statement;
certificate from a medical institution (disability certificate);
a document confirming the status of the unemployed, issued by the labor exchange;
work book (certified extract)

Payment terms

Installed for pregnancy and childbirth: 10 calendar days from the date of application.

For working mothers, the funds will be received with the next salary, the FSS will make payments no later than the 26th day of the next month (taking into account the date of receipt of documents).

Receiving services at the MFC and through the website of the State Service

Registration through the MFC

An application for the provision of maternity benefits can be submitted at the nearest branch of the MFC.

List of documents standard:

Important! For pregnant women, the period of stay in the MFC queue should not exceed 15 minutes.

Deadlines for assigning benefits when applying to the MFC: 10 calendar days.

Registration for public services

To apply for a service through the public services portal, mandatory registration is required, followed by identity confirmation.

The algorithm of actions is the following:

On the site, select the "Electronic Services" section, go to the "Receiving allowances and compensations" tab.
We fill in personal data. At this stage, a list of categories to which the citizen belongs will be presented, select the one you need.
The following lists the methods of state assistance (benefits), put a tick in front of "Appointment and provision of benefits, connection with the birth of a child."
We enter the required personal data and determine the method of payment.
We attach documents and give consent to the processing of data.
Sending an application

In your personal account, you can track the status of your case.

Considerations for receiving benefits

cash payments will not be accrued if the mother continues to work officially and does not take leave;
this type of assistance cannot be provided to a man or a relative;
term of circulation is limited: 6 months;
the calculation does not take into account periods of sick leave, maternity leave;

Important! In case of untimely application, benefits can be accrued if the mother had good reasons.

Can they refuse to receive

The FSS may have questions under the following circumstances:

At the time of the application, the employer is not operating.
The woman was hired shortly before going on maternity leave.
A sharp increase in wages before the decree.

These same reasons can also be grounds for refusal. The decision can be appealed in court, the practice in this area is positive and arbitration often takes the side of the expectant mother.

The period of childbirth is one of the most pleasant in a woman's life, so as not to overshadow it with bureaucratic delays, it is worth preparing in advance to receive all the due material benefits.

After the birth of a newborn, the state pays the young mother benefits for the baby. Incidentally, every family needs this kind of money more than ever, because caring for a newborn requires a rather large budget. Some families spend this money on the necessary furniture and clothes for the child: a crib, chest of drawers, a stroller, diapers and diapers. If all this is bought, then the money will also not be superfluous, since as the baby grows older, new financial costs are required. It is worth knowing that in each country and region these payments differ from each other. But if we talk about Russia, then at the birth of a child, the mother is entitled to a pregnancy and childbirth allowance in 2018 and accruals up to a year and a half.

Maternity leave is the time allotted for a woman to care for her baby. The state pays benefits after the birth of a newborn to the following mothers:

a working woman who will receive money from the enterprise;
persons who have adopted a child;
ladies who gave birth to a newborn, in the army ranks.
non-working mothers who can only rely on payments from the state;
female students of full-time education;
women entrepreneurs. To do this, the mother must apply with social protection, and the amount of payments depends on the level of income for the working period.

It is worth noting that only women who are registered somewhere can receive benefits from the state. For payments, the mother must be registered for unemployment if she does not have official employment. Depending on which category the mother belongs to, you can receive payment in different places. Students must collect and submit documents to the dean's office, working and serving in the army under a contract in the personnel department, and non-working and adopting parents in social protection.

Changes in maternity leave in the coming year

The conditions for receiving benefits have not changed compared to the previous year. However, the number of days for leaving has changed.

for simple births, this is 140 days, 70 of them are reserved for the period before birth, and 70 after birth;
with complications 156 days, after childbirth, 86 days are required for recovery;
with multiple pregnancies, the maternity period consists of 194 days, where 84 are given before delivery and 110 after the birth of twins.
for women who have adopted children, maternity leave lasts only 70 days, and for women who have adopted several children, this period is increased to 110 days.

Payment types

Mom is claiming the same benefits in 2018 as in 2017. All women qualify for the following payments:

Allowance for registration in the LCD. If the mother visited the gynecologist's office before 12 weeks, then she is entitled to payment after the birth of the child. It is one-time and amounts to 614 rubles. To obtain it, it is necessary to collect documents in the consultation and transfer them to social protection.
Compensation for pregnancy and childbirth. The amount of this payment depends on the status of the woman. If a working mother needs the allowance, she will receive 100% of the average salary for the last 24 months. If the company is liquidated, then the payment is due from social security. The amount of the allowance in 2018 for a working woman should be 34,500-266,190 rubles. Ladies who serve under contract in the army can count on 30,000 rubles. Girls who are full-time students at the university apply for 1340 rubles. If the scholarship has been indexed, then the amount of the payment may be increased. And non-working mothers can get the least, the amount of payments does not exceed 600 rubles.
One-time payment for childbirth. To receive this allowance, you must collect all the documents before the child is six months old. The amount of payment for 2018 is 16,350 rubles. For adoptive parents, the amount may be lower - 15,512 rubles. When a baby is born to a soldier, the allowance is 24,500 rubles.
Payments up to 1.5 years. You can count on a subsidy up to 1.5 years. If a woman receives money from an enterprise, then the amount is at least 40% of the average earnings for 2 years. For the first-born, the minimum payment is 3065, and for subsequent children 6131. The maximum amount should not exceed 23120 rubles. If the company is liquidated, then payments will also be 40%. But social security will charge them, which means that the maximum threshold per month cannot be more than 12,262 rubles. For non-working women, the allowance is from 3065 for one child and twice as much for the second.
Allowance up to 3 years. From the employer, you can count on compensation in the amount of 50 rubles in the period from 1.5 to three years of the child.

If a woman worked continuously for two years and studied full-time before pregnancy, she can count on benefits received from two organizations, but only if the condition of continuous activity is met. It is worth knowing that the size of the maternity benefit in 2018 may differ in different regions. The most important thing is to collect the necessary documents in time and apply to social security to calculate the payment.

See video about the terms of benefits, registration, payment procedure and pitfalls: