Orphans are waiting for their parents. Data bank of children for adoption

The stories of adoptive parents usually begin with the phrase: "And then we saw our sun ..." And most people do not like to talk about what preceded the meeting with the baby. The search for "your" baby is a psychologically very complex process, and it is simply painful for many to remember or talk about him. However, it makes sense for potential adoptive parents to prepare for possible problems in advance. Although this is not so easy to do.

When my husband and I talked about the desire to adopt a child, he said one phrase to me: "I like everything about this idea. But choosing a child like on the market is scary." I have to say, I ignored his words. Like, what can you do? It's inevitable, that's how the system works. However, in reality it turned out that it would be better to prepare for a meeting with this system, to understand how it works and what psychological traps you can fall into.

A little about the system

I will try to explain "on the fingers" how the system works, in which there is information about orphans.

In order for a baby to be placed in a family, he must receive orphan status. If the parents officially abandoned the baby, he can be adopted, taken under guardianship or in a foster family. However, many children do not have status because they still legally have a connection with their biological parents. For example, a biomother is in places of deprivation of liberty, and it is impossible to deprive her of her rights, even if before that she had not visited the child in an orphanage and was not interested in his fate. Or the child's parents have just been deprived of their rights, and the period during which they can appeal against the court decision, "change their minds" has not yet expired. In these and other cases, the baby can be taken under guardianship or in a foster family.

When a baby receives the status "to be placed in a family", he has his own file and is attached to the district guardianship of the institution in which he ended up, i.e. orphanage or children's home. Within a month, the district guardianship should try to place the child in a family, and if she failed, transfer information about him to the regional data bank (for example, from the guardianship of the district in a city near Moscow to the bank of the Moscow region). If this operator does not find new parents within a month, he is obliged to transfer information to the Federal Data Bank www.usynovite.ru

Important! The transfer of data about the child to a higher organization does not mean that the district guardianship or the regional bank ceases to care about his placement in the family. It is also important: the regional or federal data bank has the right to give you a referral to visit the child, but it will still coordinate this issue with the district guardianship: what if someone has already started visiting the child by contacting the district directly? Suddenly, the biomother decided to restore her rights? Control calls to guardianship in this situation protect both the adoptive parent and the child from severe stressful situations.

Databanks

The function of the regional and federal banks is clear: to collect information about children in one place. However, in practice, information and its updating are delayed. As a result, large banks may not know that, for example, a child has already received adoption status - and they still list him as subject only to guardianship and guardianship. Thus, if you look through the profiles of children "with an eye on adoption", you may overlook some babies. Or that the child is visited by potential parents - people who establish contact with the baby, but have not yet signed the consent. The database of children is not updated daily, but once a week or less, depending on the region.

What happens to a potential adopter in this situation?

First, the search for a child is a psychological test in itself. Many still in the process of collecting documents look through regional or federal databases and are already mentally attached to a specific child from a photograph. And this is understandable: the decision was made rather difficult, the procedure drags on, it is natural for a person to worry and do at least something that will bring him closer to the unborn baby. However, by the time potential parents have a package of documents, the baby may already be placed in a family. This is serious stress.

It can be avoided only if you force yourself to distract yourself from a particular child by an effort of will: do not look through the database, do not draw this particular baby in your life for yourself, do not return time after time to the photo in the newspaper from the section "Looking for Mom and Dad". Many adoptive parents have gone through the experience of disappointment "the child was taken by someone else" - at these moments it is worth remembering that it is your baby who will certainly wait for you. Adoptive parents are familiar with mystical stories when a variety of children were taken from a child’s home, and some absolutely wonderful, practically healthy child could not wait for his mother for a long time, although objectively there was no logic in this. Or someone fought with officials for a long time, hurried paperwork, received delays, which is called "out of the blue", and then found a baby whose adoption status appeared exactly when the mother had all the papers ready - and get she had them before, they wouldn't have met. Apparently, foster children, like relatives, do not appear in our lives by chance, and fate disposes of us correctly.

Secondly, many of those who applied to regional data banks simply cannot understand where the children are. They show wonderful babies on TV, cute faces are printed in newspapers, and in the bank (pardon the cynicism) there are completely seriously ill children or children from large families that you are not ready to adopt. There are rumors that officials "keep" children in the interests of foreign adoptive parents, but this is not true. It’s just that because of the red tape about many children, information is not updated, it’s just that on the ground, good specialists from guardianships arrange babies in families on their own, it’s just that quite often data on a child’s health is given in the form of dry facts, without adjusting for the fact that a baby who has experienced deprivation, simply cannot develop normally - so the list of diagnoses can be scarier than the real picture.

Communication with officials

It’s unpleasant to write about it, but you can’t hide an awl in a bag. Far from all instances of adoptive parents are waiting with open arms. It also happens that you come to the data bank and find yourself in a strange atmosphere: as if you came to ask the state for a million dollars for personal needs. They are extremely dismissive, ask questions outside the scope of their own competence. In this situation, it makes sense to remember your rights: you have your passport with you and the conclusion of the district guardianship that you can be a candidate for adoptive parents - this is enough. Your identity, details of your personal life, motives for adoption, etc. operator is not affected. You have every right not to answer personal questions. And what you definitely shouldn’t do is feel guilty, and this often happens to those who adopt a child because they cannot have children of their own, and at the same time, more than once in the process of collecting documents, they were forced to explain themselves to officials of various instances. I once had to hold the hands of an elderly couple and tell them: "Guys, you are completely normal, remember this. The desire to raise a child is the most important thing."

In some regional centers, you need to stand in line to view the database: that is, you first come to the reception, your documents are meticulously examined, and only after that they set a date when you will be allowed to view the database for children. Moreover, the viewing time is limited by the conditions of the operator, and not by your desire and capabilities. You also need to be prepared for this and survive the moment when the search for a child turns into a computer game for attention and speed.

Obviously, the efficiency of officials' work is measured by the number of displayed questionnaires. Therefore, the database does not allow, for example, to exclude children with severe disabilities from viewing the questionnaire, etc. - all this, along with photographs, you will see and say "next", "next, please." Because of this, a visit to a regional center turns into a situation where you can imagine how many disabled children there are in this region and see it in their faces. You also need to be prepared for this - the test is not for the faint of heart. Just give yourself an attitude and immediately present it to the operator: he will quickly close the profiles that are not of interest to you, and you will say to yourself: this is not my child, I am looking for my child. How then to forget that there are hundreds of children who are unlikely to find a family - I do not know. But when you find your baby, when you build a life with him, the acute feeling of this horror will gradually dissipate.

People with a keen linguistic sense need to be prepared for local slang, which can hurt them. Often, sick kids, whose profiles will still show you "to the heap" can be called dismissively, the process of finding a child is called "selection." "Who's next for the selection? Did you sign up for the selection?" If possible, ignore it - have you learned to ignore the wonderful slang of domestic gynecologists from the series: "How old do you live?"

Perhaps it is him!

At the regional operator or in the district guardianship, candidates for adoptive parents are obliged to acquaint them with data on children that meet its requirements. You can say this about the requirements: the softer they are, the more likely it is to find a baby. However, you have the right to look for a child exactly the way you want - everyone has their own way: one person says "any, more or less healthy years up to five", the other - "only a fair-haired boy up to six months." But everyone eventually finds their children. This is the main thing, and it is not worth reflecting on the topic “do I formulate correctly”.

So, you should be given as much information as possible about the children that you are interested in. In regional banks, it is more scarce, since it is sent in the form of a dry form, which reflects the main facts of the child's biography and conclusions about the state of health. In guardianships, many children are known personally, they maintain contact with the orphanage or orphanage, they can make a call in front of you and ask any question to the leadership of the orphanage - this is important.

A perfectly reasonable question arises: how to communicate with those who have information about children? What to ask? What to pay attention to?

Age and gender. It all depends on your desire. Giving recommendations from the outside is a completely pointless exercise. It is believed that an adopted child should not be older than the native, if one already exists. However, there are examples of successful adoption and contrary to this rule.
Information about status and biofamily. In guardianship, these questions are answered very clearly. How did the child get the status for adoption? Will there be obstacles from other blood relatives (for example, the biological grandmother may not be able to take the child into custody, but she goes to visit him at the child's home)? In other words, can you get into trouble in court.
The health status of the child. This is the most subtle moment. Perhaps there is not a single child who would be completely healthy. All children have a delay in mental and physical development - and this is completely normal. The question is, what caused this delay? Try to learn the history of the life and development of the child. For example, it is quite natural that a baby who is in poor health develops poorly intellectually - he is constantly in the isolation ward, he does not even see the staff and other children, not to mention the fact that no one pays attention to him, as happens in family. Naturally, he will lag behind very, very much. In general, "developmental delay" is not a reason to abandon this particular child. Many successful adoptive parents know how many diagnoses simply “evaporated” as soon as the baby got comfortable at home. At the same time, in children's homes, of course, there are many children who have really gross pathologies that cannot be completely and completely cured.

Roughly speaking, if the child has everything in order with the status and there is no disability, you still have to look at him with your own eyes and, excuse the pathos, draw a conclusion for yourself: do you believe in him and in yourself or not. Because a child in a children's institution is so depressed, the life of a little man is so unnatural, so contrary to what is really needed for the development of his personality, that a failure in development is the norm, and it is almost impossible to understand how the baby will develop in the future. Only one thing is true: better than in a state institution.

At the moment when you decide whether to take a referral to meet your baby, you are in the grip of strong emotions. Firstly, you are very sorry for this little one - each of the orphans has a difficult life story, everyone wants to give love and warmth, we feel a little guilty in front of everyone simply because we are big, and everything is not so with us bad, and they are small, and they have no one and nothing. However, remember that ecstatic feeling alone will not help you make the right decision. Therefore, be prepared to take breaks in advance. We received information about one or more children - take a time out for a day to digest this in your head and decide whether or not to take a referral. Get a referral - take time out to go meet your child in a relaxed state.

If you decide, you will be given a referral to visit the child. It is usually valid for a month, at the end of which you must make a decision and notify the guardian. At this time, other willing adoptive parents will not be able to meet with the child.

Discussion

The author of the article "respect and respect." Thank God we have already found our children. We are from Moscow, we found the children in Rostov-on-Don. Everything that the author described is the complete and unconditional truth. It seems that all officials work under a capirka. I would add that the guardianship staff and the regional operator in Moscow, and in the Moscow region, constantly told us: “You won’t find normal children in Moscow. Try your luck in Siberia or the Far East. Only the very sick or "black ones" remained in Moscow. Hmm, Fascism with Russian nationalism in Russia is not a myth, but a reality, even in such matters as adoption and guardianship, they try to emphasize that Russia is for bald-haired Russians, and all the rest .... "black" and "yellow" let them go to waste. And, by the way, we found our children with "southern" blood, not through a fucking APIRATOR, but on the Internet, on the official website. Good luck to everyone, patience and once again be patient and everything will be fine.
Sincerely,
Anatoly.

And everyone decides for himself what he can and what not ...
In my opinion, the author only wanted to convey the emotions of regret, a person who cannot take a disabled person, and therefore scrolls faster further ...

And about the pension of 3,000, there was a topic on TV with a deputy on social issues, I was surprised by the comparison of 20,000 and 3,000, the mother of a suicidal child was indignant, whom she could not leave alone at home to go to earn some money, but on a professional a nurse, did not earn money, and the mother had to send the child to a boarding school, so that there would be an opportunity to earn money for gifts, no one from the studio dared to condemn her. There was one question, would they give my mother a pension of 20,000 rubles, she did not have to send the child to a boarding school ...

The deputy was able to comment only in this way: “It turns out that if a child is left at home, then the parents have the opportunity to raise him.”...

I do not see any categorical! There are no statements in the article: “Don't do this, don't do that”, there are no short sentences, there is a brief description of emotions and actions. Not in the first person, because the person helped other parents, whose experiences were also used.

Personally, as a person who has not yet established himself in the decision to adopt someone else's child, I am interested in any information.

The place where it is described about children with disabilities, and what else can you experience besides pain and regret that you cannot help?
I will give an example, as a fact, an institution allocates an amount of 20,000 rubles for a disabled person, and in a family a child will receive a pension of 3,000 rubles - who will pull it? In order to take care of a disabled child, you need not to work and provide constant care !, you can’t take him to kindergarten! don't leave home alone!

Causes some doubts about the statement:
>, but in fact agrees?! I have not noticed. I noticed something else - guardianship and DR do not "like" reg. and fed. operators, they are paid in return.
> What is true that they do not hold?! Where such confidence?
The rest of the article is positive. IMHO. Only it would be to expand it, to add moments of examples from adoption (guardianship) successful without delay and not successful with rudeness and with "kicking" through the authorities.

Good article: efficient and timely. It was written in order to morally support the adoptive parents and inspire hope that everyone will find their child. It did not seem to me that the author claims to be a lawyer, does not speak categorically, just draws attention to some points. The main thing that sets up a constructive approach. And if a person is confident that he is right, it is easier for him to hold on with dignity and he can calmly delve into the legal subtleties on his own. Thanks to the author!

It's a good idea to familiarize yourself with the laws before you start writing articles with legal advice. The direction is really not a month, but 10 days. For example, for newborns who are taken because they simulate pregnancy, a month for one of the candidates is too much. Other statements of the author are subjective and doubtful. It would be better to rewrite it - to change all "you will see" to "I saw", and as an example of personal experience and personal perception, it would still be tolerable.

The search and selection of a child is one of the most important and difficult stages in the implementation of adoption activities. Many people who decide to accept a baby into their family build in their heads the procedure for finding a child as a simple task, when the child will be brought home by employees of state structures according to the necessary characteristics. In reality, it's not like that at all. Most often, the child needs to be searched for a long time.

The most important thing in the adoption process is the desire to become a real parent to the baby.

Before starting the procedure, you need to study the legal framework and practice in order to know where the adoptive parent should go and how to behave.

The procedure itself requires a lot of time, effort and energy. You should not make numerous demands and wishes about the alleged baby. It may take more than one year for you to be picked up by a blonde girl with blue eyes, at the age of three, without health problems.

The most important thing in the adoption process is the desire to become a real parent to the baby, and what this baby will be like, you will find out in the selection process, understand it with your heart when you meet your baby. It should be understood that in reality, very few children who were left without parental maintenance and upbringing have ideal health.

Search methods

There are several ways to find a baby for adoption:

Through communication with familiar people who are employees of the relevant competent authorities. They can advise and provide all the data about the baby that meets all your wishes.
The child of your friends or neighbors ended up in a shelter as a result of a variety of circumstances.
Accidentally met the baby in a shelter at a holiday or a charity event.
You are constantly in contact with children's institutions where orphans live, due to work or other circumstances, and you know about all the children.

Adoption is hard work

But in the vast majority of cases, adoption is painstaking work, inquiries, visits to institutions, familiarization with information about children. This can go on for more than one month, until you find the very baby who will become a full-fledged part of your family.

Part 1 of Article 124 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation: “Adoption is a priority form of placement for children left without parental care.”

It should be understood that adoption is not only your business, it is the task of the state and specialized state institutions work to fulfill it, and you can count on support and assistance. Every year, ways to find babies are being improved, new systems are being introduced to select children. The unified Data Bank of children left without parental care is becoming more perfect and better.

The Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation is implementing an Internet project - "Adopt in Russia", where you can get access to a constantly updated database of orphans, get all the information you need and get expert advice. The activities of many non-governmental organizations, foundations and projects today can help find the baby.

Database

The Russian Federation has a system for collecting, storing, systematizing data on children left without parental care, care and upbringing. It is called the Children's Databank. It is she who is the source from where all the data is provided to candidates for adoption who have made an appropriate request in order to find the baby.

There is a special database of children to be adopted

Formation of the Bank begins at the level of districts of subjects of the Russian Federation. When a child appears who needs to be placed in a new family, the guardianship authorities fill in all the available data about him in a special questionnaire in the territory entrusted to them. It contains photographs, personal data, medical indications, known information about the parents, information about why the baby got into this situation. During the first thirty days, all data about the baby remains with the subordinate guardian body, which takes measures to arrange it.

After the thirty-day period, if the baby was not properly arranged, his case is sent to a higher authority of regional significance. Here, the data is entered into the regional Databank. This institute is within the competence of the regional institution of the education administration and manages all information and provides data on incoming requests.

The operator and other competent structures in charge of this issue are trying by all legal means in the interests of the baby to determine him in full conditions. To achieve this goal, the following measures are being taken:

information about babies is printed in regional print media, special social videos are created in other media (newspapers, television, radio, websites, etc.);
all sorts of events and actions, social orientation.

If after thirty days the baby cannot be arranged at the subject level, the package of his documentation is transferred to the operator of federal significance.

It is worth considering the fact that data on children enters databases with delays

Data on children in specialized banks are updated quite rarely. This should be taken into account when searching. So information about children under the age of one is updated once a year, and for babies older than one year, the update is made once every three years. It is worth considering the fact that data about children enters the database with delays. Information about children contained in databases often does not correspond to reality. This applies to the presence of diseases and other features.

The presence of a multi-level system for storing and presenting data on children who need to be placed in a new family allows you to maximize the opportunities to positively resolve the situation for a larger number of kids. The transfer of data to a higher level authority does not imply the termination of the activities of local guardianship authorities for the placement of a child, work continues at all levels.

Where to go

Based on the structure of receiving, storing and providing information about babies, it is best to initially contact the authority at the place of residence. There is a high probability of finding a child that meets your requirements and wishes. Willingly and quickly determine healthy children in new families. In most cases, the data of children with illnesses, disabilities and other problems are transferred to a higher level. There are exceptions, but in practice this is exactly what happens.

In our country, cases are not uncommon when a person wants to adopt in an area where there are no such specialized institutions. Here the question - where to go to the adoptive parent, is quite acute. In this case, it is worth contacting the authorities of regional or central importance.

Willingly and quickly identify healthy children in new families

It is worth resorting to the services of an operator in another region or central authority in situations where the candidate has not developed effective working relations with local employees of the guardianship authority, and was not satisfied with their approach to resolving the issue. What should be done if there is a desire to avoid or reduce the likelihood of a possible meeting in the future with the parents and relatives of the baby.

A citizen of the Russian Federation who has received the relevant documents that allow him to be an adoptive parent has complete freedom of choice in which authority he should apply when looking for a child. If the candidate is looking for a specific child, his personal data and other information is known, it is necessary to make a request to the federal operator, and also send an application in the region where the baby is supposed to be.

Finding a child through the Data Bank

Appeal to the operator of the Data Bank implies:

Making an application with a request to provide data on children that meet the characteristics that are indicated.
Filling out a special form. This paper is needed to enter the data of the candidate for adoptive parents into a special database.

After providing such information, the competent officer is obliged to provide the data at his disposal that meet the parameters of the request. The presence of automated systems allows you to provide information about children on the day of the appeal. In case of technical or other complications, the data must be provided no later than ten days from the date of application.

If at the moment there are no suitable children, the candidate leaves all the necessary data. As soon as a suitable child appears, the potential adoptive parent is notified of this. In accordance with legislative norms, a candidate for adoptive parents is obliged to inform on a monthly basis about the state of affairs, the appearance of new children or the absence of them.

If the initiator of the adoption has found a suitable baby among the provided candidates, he is issued a referral to visit the social, educational, medical institution where this baby is located. A document on visiting a child can be issued to only one candidate at a particular time in order to avoid simultaneous visits to one baby by two applicants.

When visiting the institution, the initiator is required to provide a personal file, a medical card, and all other available information. Employees should talk about the character, developmental features, about the life of the baby. If, after visiting and getting to know the baby, you consider that he is not suitable for you, you must fill out the appropriate paper on the results of the visit for the Bank operator, and submit a new application so that data on other children are presented.

The law does not limit the number of possible applications and visit permits issued, the initiator of the placement of the baby has the right to continue searching until a suitable boy or girl is found.

The selection of a candidate may be suspended if, after the candidate was informed (monthly mandatory notification) about the presence of admissions of children, but did not familiarize himself with the data on children. After a second notification (in a month), if there is no reaction from the initiator, the search stops. In order to resume the selection, the potential adopter must again apply to the Data Bank with an application and provide the required documentation.

Applying to the guardianship authority at the place of residence is another way to find a child for adoption

Other search methods

Another way to search is to contact the guardianship authority at the place of residence with a request to assist in the selection of a baby. After submitting the relevant application and providing all the necessary data, the specialists of the guardianship authority will make appropriate requests to the regional and federal databases. After receiving the questionnaires for eligible children, the adoptive parent candidate will be informed of this and called for review and selection.

But it should be understood that this method is much longer in time. Every person planning adoption should know that the conclusion on the right to be an adoptive parent and other documents are valid for twelve months, and the conclusion on medical indications is only ninety days. If the selection of a candidate is delayed, it will be necessary to update the papers and certificates.

In addition to contacting database operators, the possibility of searching through institutions whose competence includes the maintenance and upbringing of children who find themselves in a situation of lack of guardianship of relatives and friends is not prohibited.

Most of these institutions are under the jurisdiction of the executive authorities that regulate education. These include:

Preschool orphanages. Here are children after discharge from the baby house and up to the age of 7 years.
Orphanages or boarding schools. This includes children who have reached school age. They attend a nearby public school. In a boarding school, children study directly in an institution where all the necessary conditions for education are created.
Specialized and correctional educational and educational institutions. Children with medical, mental and social disabilities live and study here.
Institutions providing medical services for children who are deprived of parental education and care. Such institutions include baby houses and maternity centers.

It is necessary to carefully study the data on the previous life of the baby

When visiting a particular baby, it is very important to carefully consider the study of information about him, its verification. Very often, many diseases and deviations are not noted in the documents; in fact, the child does not have a noted disease, data on the nature and characteristics of behavior do not correspond to reality.

It is recommended to conduct an additional medical examination, clarify the noted data with specialists, and find close contact with the baby himself and the employee in charge of him. It is recommended to double-check the information from the employees of the institution, since the presentation of the data usually has a specific purpose.

It is worthwhile to carefully study the data on the baby’s former life, where he stayed before the meeting, what is known about his parents and relatives. All this can give answers to many questions about the condition of the baby at the time of the visit.

Before adoption, when determining the desired age and other requirements, it is worthwhile to thoroughly assess your capabilities. A prerequisite for accepting a baby into a family is the availability of knowledge and skills in upbringing, living together, building full-fledged family relationships. It is worth taking specialized courses and training, because even if you have experience in raising children, there are always specifics, difficulties and peculiarities with foster children.

A person's life cannot be called complete until he has raised a healthy child for procreation. This simple rule is laid down by nature, and no modern trends can change the program established at the genetic level. If a couple does not have the opportunity to have their own child, there is a way out of this situation - the adoption of other people's babies left without parents.

Legislative regulation of adoption in Russia

Every boy or girl left in Russia without parental care falls under the supervision of guardianship authorities. Babies receive the necessary medical and psychological support. Depending on their age, children are placed in special educational institutions where orphans live. From maternity wards, children are sent to orphanages; at the age of three, babies are transferred to orphanages, orphanages, boarding schools, and social rehabilitation centers for further adoption.

Nevertheless, no matter how well the work of social services is organized, orphanages will not replace a full-fledged family for a child. The main task of the state is to properly organize the process of adoption of orphans with careful control and selection of candidates for the role of new parents.

The main requirements for candidates:

Stable financial position. The family income must provide a living wage for all its members, including those adopted. The living area of the family is assessed taking into account the possibility of comfortable living for a foster child.
Physical and mental health. The absence of dangerous chronic diseases and disabilities is confirmed by a medical certificate. It is not allowed for the adoptive parent to be registered in psycho-neurological or narcological dispensaries.
No past convictions for both spouses or facts of deprivation of parental rights. Be sure to take into account the previous experience of raising their own or adopted children. To give an adopted child back to the state means to close the further possibility of adoption.
Successful schooling for foster parents (more details in the article:). Referral to training courses can be obtained from the social security authorities. Foster parents can choose a course on their own or on the recommendation of social workers. After training, a special certificate is issued.

The guardianship authorities carefully study the entire package of documents and decide on the possibility of the candidate to adopt a child from an orphanage. If the decision is positive, you can start choosing a baby and getting to know him.

Where to find a child?

It is recommended to start the search for children with the guardianship and guardianship authorities at the place of residence of the couple. The state structure has all the operational information about orphans who need adoption in their territory. According to the established regulations, local authorities are given 30 days to place a child, after which they send information to the regional data bank (RDB).

If, for some reason, adoptive parents want a child from another region, they can contact the guardianship authorities of that region or the regional data operator. In the Russian Federation there are no restrictions on a territorial basis - spouses from Arkhangelsk can easily find a child from the Samara data bank or Vladivostok.

It is very convenient to search for a child on Internet resources where photographs, video questionnaires and catalogs of orphans are published; video passports are very popular today. The most famous information resources:

Federal Databank of Children without Parental Care and Orphans

The federal data bank (FBD) contains official information about all children left without care (we recommend reading:). Currently, there are about fifty thousand children who are waiting for adoption. Questionnaires and passports can be found on the website of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation - www.usinovite.ru.

The personal data of babies contains the following information:

name, gender, date of birth of the child;
physical characteristics, height, weight, hair color;
information about the health of the child;
possible form of admission to the family;
reasons for admission to the orphanage;
current photo.

It should be borne in mind that the last paragraph is updated no more than once a year. Detailed information is protected by the law on the protection of personal data and is provided upon personal contact with the relevant services. On the site you can find the contacts of responsible organizations and employees.

Purposes of the data bank

The main goal of the federal data bank is to make it easier for potential adoptive parents to find a child suitable for them according to all criteria, to reduce the time spent by children in an orphanage, and to create a single catalog of babies in need of guardianship. Data updates occur each time a happy adopted child finds a new family. The base is replenished when new questionnaires are received from regional structures. Using the resources of the resource, you can save time on personal visits to specialists.

How to use?

By setting the necessary search parameters, you can select all the profiles of babies who can be adopted today. You can get information about the child and get to know him personally only by contacting the coordinates indicated on the site. Each child not yet adopted is assigned to a specific department of guardianship.

By the time of applying for a specific candidate, parents must have the conclusion of the guardianship authorities on recognizing them as suitable for adoption. The responsible officer gives a referral to visit the educational institution in which the child is kept.

After a personal meeting and getting to know the baby, potential parents are identified and decide on adoption (or adoption). If their expectations are met and their heart tells that the child is suitable, the next step is to file an application with the court to consider the issue of adoption. The decision of the court is the basis for registering documents in the registry office and transferring the child from the orphanage to the place of permanent residence.

Non-state charitable foundations

Non-governmental organizations and associations that help to adopt or adopt an adopted child provide more and more assistance to the state. Their main advantage is the ability to make high-quality, detailed video questionnaires and video passports, easy-to-use Internet resources. The bases of funds are not as complete as the state ones, but the quality of the information provided is much higher. In addition, they create additional services for future adoptive parents, communities of interest, interactive address cards, libraries of useful information.

Caught in the care of the state, is currently not completely resolved. Although in recent years, thanks to the support of the state, there has been a positive trend in adoption, registration of guardianship or the placement of children in foster families, many babies are still waiting for their parents in orphanages, boarding schools and shelters. To help potential adoptive parents, a federal database of orphans and children left without parental care was formed.

FBD function

The federal data bank serves to accumulate and summarize information posted in regional systems for registering children who require guardianship. In addition, it collects information about those who have registered on these resources. Its systematic updating allows people who decide to take the baby into the family to search both in their area and in other regions.

In practice, it looks like this:

Once a child has received the official status of "orphan", which is necessary for any action related to adoption, information about him is forwarded to the district PLO (guardianship and guardianship department). Within 30 days of the receipt of the child's personal file, the local PLO must take steps to find a family for the child. If this fails, the information is sent to the regional structure of the guardianship authorities.
The territorial PLO places information about the child in the database of its region, and also searches for adoptive parents. After 30 days, if the search has not been successful, he must provide information to the federal database of orphans.

It is important to know that the transfer of data on the baby to higher authorities does not mean that the local guardianship authorities stop trying to find a foster family. Therefore, situations are not uncommon when potential guardians, or people who have chosen a baby for adoption, turning to the local PLO, find out that he has already found parents. To avoid such cases, parents who have already gone through the adoption procedure are advised to start the search from local or territorial data banks at their place of residence (or in another region).

FBD replenishment

At the moment, information about orphans in the FBI is updated approximately twice a month. However, the information already posted in it is not updated systematically, as a result of which potential guardians may be misled about the current status of the child (whether he can be adopted, taken under guardianship or transferred to a foster family, or perhaps he has already found his adoptive parents ). The appearance and age of the child in the photo and in life can also differ significantly (because the photos are updated even less often).

Therefore, the Ministry of Education and Science has developed a draft order regulating the frequency of updating the information posted in the database.

The following is currently displayed on the child's profile:

name and initial letter of the surname;
place of stay;
gender, age, anthropometric indicators;
a brief description of character traits;
is the only child or there are minor brothers and sisters;
the reason for entering the database;
photo.

Perhaps, after the entry into force of the decision, the situation will change for the better. The Ministry proposes to post information on the website about the reasons for the loss of parental care, about the existence of blood relatives who visit the child in a children's institution and who want to take him to the family. In addition, it is planned to introduce an obligation to update photos of babies, in accordance with their age, from 1 to 3 times a year.

What is required of adoptive parents

Before using the services of the database to search for a baby, future parents should collect a package of necessary documents, on the basis of which the PLO will make a decision to allow adoption or refuse it.

These include:

a brief autobiographical note;
information from the place of employment about the position of the guardian and his income for the last year (the same applies to the spouse involved in the adoption);
information on registration and / or documents on the ownership of housing, a certificate from the management company on the absence of debts for payment of utility bills;
a certificate from the police department that the potential guardian has no criminal record;
the conclusion of the medical board on the health of the adoptive parent;
marriage registration document (copy);
a copy of the certificate confirming that the potential parents attended special psychological and pedagogical courses for adoptive parents;
certificate of a pensioner and an extract from the Pension Fund for adoptive parents whose main source of income is pension payments.

The period of validity of the listed documents is 12 months from the date of issue (except for the medical certificate, which is valid for 6 months).

Adoption steps

There is a certain procedure provided for by the Family Code of the Russian Federation when registering guardianship, or transferring a child to a foster family.

1. Decision of the adoption commission

An appeal to the PLO at the place of registration with a request to consent to adoption can be submitted by personally contacting this institution, or using the MFC or the State Services portal. In this case, all necessary documents are attached to the application.

Within 7 working days from the date of receipt of the application, PLO employees assess housing conditions, analyze the motives for adoption, the personality of the applicant, his ability to care for the child and other criteria that can affect the decision to grant custody or adoption.

It is important to know that when submitting an application electronically, the applicant must subsequently submit to the DEP the originals of the documentation attached to it. Otherwise, their absence may be grounds for refusal to establish guardianship or adoption.

Based on the assessment made, the PLO, no later than 10 working days from the date of signing the survey report, issues a conclusion on the approval (refusal) of the adoption. In case of disagreement with the decision of the PLO, the applicant has the opportunity to appeal against it in a legal manner.

2. Finding a child for adoption

With a positive decision of the commission, within 3 days from the date of its adoption, potential parents are entered in the list of persons eligible for adoption and receive access to information about children who require it.

The PLO authorities issue a referral to a children's institution where the child chosen by the adoptive parents is currently staying. This direction is valid for a month and assumes that other potential parents will not communicate with the baby during this period.

If future adoptive parents failed to find a child in their regional database, they have the right to apply for the same purpose to the PLO of another subject of the Russian Federation or use the services of the FBI of orphans.

The use of a centralized database expands the possibilities for potential parents when searching for a child. After studying the information provided on the FBI website, guardians can make an online appointment to visit the federal operator for a more detailed acquaintance with the children's profiles. It is important to know that the personal presence of candidates for adoptive parents is required to study the questionnaires. In addition, you will need to present documents confirming this right (passport and decision on approval of adoption).

Potential parents acquire in the process of adoption the rights and obligations provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Adoptive parents' rights:

obtaining comprehensive information about the baby (his real parents, the circumstances that preceded obtaining the status of an orphan, existing relatives, burdened heredity, etc.);
implementation of an independent medical examination of the adopted child (with the participation of an educator / teacher of a children's institution).

Responsibilities of adoptive parents:

meet and establish communication with the baby;
carefully study the documents;
confirm in writing the fact that they are familiar with the conclusion of the medical board regarding the health of the adoptee.

Having made an informed decision about establishing custody or adoption, future parents move on to the last stage.

3. Judgment

In order to recognize the adoption of a certain child as legal, potential parents must apply with a corresponding request to the district court department at the place of residence of the baby.

To reach a verdict, judicial authorities need to obtain documents from local PLOs confirming that the adoption takes place on the basis of taking into account the interests and rights of the adopted child. As a result, a verdict is issued on the recognition of the fact of adoption, which leads to the entry into force of the rights and obligations of the participants in the process in relation to each other.

After that, the parents personally pick up the child from the children's institution (upon presentation of a passport and a court decision) in order to send him to a new place of residence. For 3 years from the moment the court makes a decision on adoption, PLOs are obliged to control the living conditions and upbringing of the adopted child.

Summing up

The decision to take a child into the family is a very serious and responsible step that requires the utmost honesty in assessing one's strengths and capabilities. And first of all, this concerns not the material, but the moral costs of raising a baby, regardless of whether he is a native or adopted. The adoption procedure itself, with its bureaucratic obstacles, the control of the PLO, the problem of choosing “one's own” child, is a difficult psychological test. But if there is no doubt about the correctness of your decision, if you are ready to go through all the trials to the end, then there will be one more happy baby in the world.